15805-75-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Esterification of bio-based succinic acid in biphasic systems: Comparison of chemical and biological catalysts
Delhomme, Clara,Goh, Serena L.M.,Kuehn, Fritz E.,Weuster-Botz, Dirk
experimental part, p. 39 - 47 (2012/09/07)
Different chemical and biological catalysts were screened for the biphasic esterification of aqueous solutions of succinic acid with 1-octanol. Among them, DBSA, Nafion NR-50 and Novozym 435 were found to be the most attractive catalysts. The pH, the temperature and the catalyst concentration had high impacts on the reaction rates. The optimization of the reaction conditions with a single-variable approach for the chemical catalysts and a Response Surface Methodology for the enzyme allowed an increase of the rates by a factor 1.5 for DBSA, 2.3 for Nafion NR-50 and 1.3 for Novozym 435. Real fermentation broths produced from recombinant Escherichia coli could be successfully esterified with conversions up to 93% for DBSA and 70% for Nafion NR-50 and Novozym 435 as catalysts. Finally, DBSA was selected as the cheapest and most active option. Besides, the esters were isolated with a purity of 83% from fermentation broth solutions. DBSA also catalyzed the esterification of succinic acid from fermentation broth with many alcohols creating a broad spectrum of interesting esters. The esters might then be used as end-product, hydrolyzed back to pure succinic acid or hydrogenated.
Micellar properties of sodium alkyl sulfoacetates and sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinates in water
Jobe, David J.,Reinsborough, Vincent C.
, p. 280 - 284 (2007/10/02)
Viscosity, conductivity, density, and fluorescence quenching studies were conducted in aqueous micellar solutions at 25.0 deg C of sodium alkyl sulfoacetates and sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinates in a comparison of one-tailed and two-tailed surfactant systems.The hexyl, octyl, and decyl members of the former group and the dihexyl and dioctyl members of the latter group were investigated.The results indicated that the sulfoacetates most likely form spherical micelles with aggregation numbers 20 for hexyl, 42 for octyl, and 70 for decyl with three methods for size determination giving concordant results.For the sulfosuccinates, the aggregation numbers from fluorescence quenching were 38 for the dihexyl and 56 for the dioctyl in agreement with the results from the conductance technique which means that spherical micelles are likely formed also.Volume changes on micellization were obtained for the sulfoacetates.
