Xi:Irritant;
110-15-6Relevant articles and documents
RHODIUM(III) COMPLEXES WITH O-ALKYL-S-ALKYL THIOCARBONATES AS CATALYSTS FOR THE HOMOGENEOUS HYDROGENATION OF UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS
Maistrenko, V. N.,Rusakov, I. A.,Bondareva, S. O.,Murinov, Yu. I.,Tolstikov, G. A.
, p. 2149 - 2151 (1989)
Catalytic activity was found for Rh3+ complexes with O-alkyl-S-alkyl thiocarbonates in the homogeneous hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds.Cyclic voltamperometry was used to detect the formation of rhodium hydride intermediates during the hydrogenation of alkenes in the presence of these complexes.
Catalytic oxidation of furan and hydrofuran compounds. 7. Production of 2(5H)-furanone by oxidation of furfural with hydrogen peroxide and some of its transformations in aqueous solutions
Badovskaya,Latashko,Poskonin,Grunskaya,Tyukhteneva,Rudakova,Pestunova,Sarkisyan
, p. 1040 - 1048 (2002)
Data on the synthesis of 2(5H)-furanone by the oxidation of furfural with aqueous hydrogen peroxide under the conditions of autocatalysis by the accumulating acids and also in the presence of catalytic amounts of Cr(VI) and Mo(VI) compounds are presented.
Boosting one-step conversion of cyclohexane to adipic acid by NO2 and VPO composite catalysts
Jian, Jian,You, Kuiyi,Duan, Xuezhi,Gao, Hongxu,Luo, Qing,Deng, Renjie,Liu, Pingle,Ai, Qiuhong,Luo, He'an
, p. 3320 - 3323 (2016)
We demonstrate VPO composites as efficient catalysts for highly selective oxidation of cyclohexane to adipic acid with NO2. In particular, the Ni-Al-VPO composite catalyst exhibits the striking conversion of cyclohexane (60.6%) and exceptionally high selectivity towards adipic acid (85.0%). Moreover, N2O is an environmentally harmful gas, and its yield in the present process is only 0.03 t/t adipic acid, which is far below that obtained using the industrial method (0.3 t/t adipic acid). This work provides a new strategy for the one-step synthesis of dicarboxylic acids from cycloalkanes.
Conjugated microporous polymers as a visible light driven platform for photo-redox conversion of biomass derived chemicals
Chen, Bo,Chen, Lang,Chen, Shanyong,Jin, Yongdong,Kang, Jinyang,Ma, Lijian,Xia, Chuanqin,Yan, Hongjian,Yan, Zijun
, p. 3607 - 3611 (2021)
Photocatalytic conversion of biomass derived chemicals to valuable products is a highly sustainable process. Herein we report the photocatalytic hydrogenation of maleic acid to succinic acid and oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran using the same conjugated porous polymers (CMPs). The CMPs were constructed from 2,4,6-(tri-2-thienyl)-1,3,5-triazine as the knots and different benzene derivatives as linkers, and their morphologies, redox potentials, charge separation efficiency, and the consequent photocatalytic performance have been controlled. As a result, the CMP with benzene as the linker features the highest photocatalytic activities with production rates of 4.66 mmol g?1h?1for succinic acid and 0.53 mmol g?1h?1for 2,5-diformylfuran, respectively. Most importantly, high photocatalytic activity has also been achieved under natural sunlight irradiation, implying its feasibility as an efficient photocatalytic platform for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
Metal Sub-nanoclusters Confined within Hierarchical Porous Carbons with High Oxidation Activity
Zhao, Xin,Kong, Xiangpeng,Wang, Fengliang,Fang, Ruiqi,Li, Yingwei
, p. 10842 - 10849 (2021)
Metal sub-nanoclusters (SNCs) have shown great promise for a variety of catalytic reactions. However, the fabrication of stable metal SNCs simultaneously with high dispersion and high metal contents remains a challenge. Herein, we report a novel and versatile strategy for the synthesis of various bimetal SNCs stabilized within hierarchical porous carbons (HPC). This facile synthesis only involves the self-assembly of a metal-organic framework (MOF) as the precursor, a molten salt assisted pyrolysis process and the final metal replacement. The metal SNCs (mostly less than 0.8 nm) derived from the metal nodes of the MOF are exclusively confined and homogeneously dispersed throughout the organic ligands derived HPC at high loadings (up to 11.2 wt %). The obtained Cu-Pd@HPC composite exhibits superior catalytic activity and recycling durability in the selective transformation of furfural to maleic acid, achieving 97.8 % yield of maleic acid with a TOF value as high as 20.1 h?1 under mild conditions. DFT calculations reveal that the introduction of Pd shifts the partial density of states of Cu toward the Fermi level, leading to stronger chemisorption of furfural to enhance the catalytic activity.
Highly active and selective nickel-platinum catalyst for the low temperature hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to succinic anhydride and synthesis of succinic acid at 40 °c
Li, Jie,Tian, Wei-Ping,Shi, Li
, p. 565 - 571 (2011)
PtNi bimetallic and Ni monometallic catalysts supported on HY-Al 2O3, HX-Al2O3, ZSM-5-Al 2O3, USY-Al2O3, Beta-Al 2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and evaluated for the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride in the temperature range of 40-150 °C. Results from flow reactor studies showed that supports strongly affected the catalytic properties of different bimetallic and monometallic catalysts. The results showed that the HY-Al2O3 support exhibited the highest activity and selectivity. Using NiPt/Al2O 3-HY catalyst and performing the reaction, it was possible to carry out the lowest reaction temperature ever carried at 100% conversion. Adding a small amount of Pt (0.5) to the Ni (5%)/Al2O3-HY catalyst that is effective for increasing the selectivity and activity. We also found that PtNi is an efficient catalyst for the one-pot conversion of maleic acid into succinic acid with 100% conversion at 40 °C. Graphical Abstract: Hydrogenation activity was found to correlate to the extent of PtNi bimetallic bond formation, as characterized by the analysis of XRD and TPR.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
The contribution to kappa number from hexeneuronic acid groups in pulp xylan
Li, Jiebing,Gellerstedt, Goeran
, p. 213 - 218 (1997)
The kappa number of chemical pulps is widely used both in mill operation and in laboratory work as a measure of the degree of delignification in pulping, oxygen delignification, and prebleaching. Recently, it has been shown that the kappa number reflects not only lignin but also carbohydrate structures sensitive to oxidation by permanganate, notably hexeneuronic acid groups linked to xylan. In the present work, the kappa number units originating from hexeneuronic acid groups calculated on a molar basis have been determined in two different ways, viz. by permanganate oxidation of model compounds and by selective elimination of hexeneuronic acid groups from a series of kraft pulps. The results are in good agreement with each other and demonstrate that 10 μmol of hexeneuronic acid correspond to 0.84-0.86 kappa units. From kappa number determinations combined with hydrolysis of the pulp with mercuric acetate, it is possible to calculate the amount of hexeneuronic acid groups present in a pulp.
Near infrared activation of an anticancer PtIV complex by Tm-doped upconversion nanoparticles
Ruggiero, Emmanuel,Hernández-Gil, Javier,Mareque-Rivas, Juan C.,Salassa, Luca
, p. 2091 - 2094 (2015)
The PtIV complex cis,cis,trans-[Pt(NH3)2(Cl)2(O2CCH2CH2CO2H)2] is photoactivated by near infrared light (980 nm) using NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+@NaYF4 core-shell upconversion nanoparticles. Coupling of this cisplatin precursor with the biocompatible PEGylated phospholipid DSPE-PEG(2000)-NH2 affords a valuable approach to decorate the surface of the nanoparticles, providing novel photoactivatable nanomaterials capable of releasing PtII species upon NIR light excitation. This journal is
Encapsulation of Pt(IV) prodrugs within a Pt(II) cage for drug delivery
Zheng, Yao-Rong,Suntharalingam, Kogularamanan,Johnstone, Timothy C.,Lippard, Stephen J.
, p. 1189 - 1193 (2015)
This report presents a novel strategy that facilitates delivery of multiple, specific payloads of Pt(IV) prodrugs using a well-defined supramolecular system. This delivery system comprises a hexanuclear Pt(II) cage that can host four Pt(IV) prodrug guest molecules. Relying on host-guest interactions between adamantyl units tethered to the Pt(IV) molecules and the cage, four prodrugs could be encapsulated within one cage. This host-guest complex, exhibiting a diameter of about 3 nm, has been characterized by detailed NMR spectroscopic measurements. Owing to the high positive charge, this nanostructure exhibits high cellular uptake. Upon entering cells and reacting with biological reductants such as ascorbic acid, the host-guest complex releases cisplatin, which leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The fully assembled complex displays cytotoxicity comparable to that of cisplatin against a panel of human cancer cell lines, whereas the cage or the Pt(IV) guest alone exhibit lower cytotoxicity. These findings indicate the potential of utilising well-defined supramolecular constructs for the delivery of prodrug molecules.
Reducing Agent-Mediated Nonenzymatic Conversion of 2-Oxoglutarate to Succinate: Implications for Oxygenase Assays
Khan, Amjad,Schofield, Christopher J.,Claridge, Timothy D. W.
, p. 2898 - 2902 (2020)
l-Ascorbate (l-Asc) is often added to assays with isolated FeII- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases to enhance activity. l-Asc is proposed to be important in catalysis by some 2OG oxygenases in vivo. We report observations on the nonenzymatic conversion of 2OG to succinate, which is mediated by hydrogen peroxide generated by the reaction of l-Asc and dioxygen. Slow nonenzymatic oxidation of 2OG to succinate occurs with some, but not all, other reducing agents commonly used in 2OG oxygenase assays. We intend these observations will help in the robust assignment of substrates and inhibitors for 2OG oxygenases.
