162507-72-4

Upstream product

• 56-81-5 glycerol 
• 75-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol 
• 115-11-7 isobutene 
• 1634-04-4 tert-butyl methyl ether 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Catalytic production of oxygenated additives by glycerol etherification

In this work the etherification reaction of glycerol with isobutene (IB) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) has been studied with the aim of preparing mixtures with high content of poly-substituted ethers. The results obtained using solid acid catalysts have shown that the reaction with IB proceeds at a high rate but the formation of undesired di-isobutene (DIB) represents a serious problem when catalysts with high density of acid sites, such as Amberlyst, are used. When using TBA as a reactant, the main problem is the formation of water that, due to thermodynamic reasons, prevents the formation of poly-substituted ethers regardless of the catalyst used. Some preliminary experiments carried out with a water permselective tubular membrane have demonstrated that the yield of poly-substituted ethers significantly increases once water was selectively removed from the reaction medium by recirculation of the gas phase. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Catalytic synthesis of glycerol tert-butyl ethers as fuel additives from the biodiesel by-product glycerol

Glycerol is a major by-product in the biodiesel production process. Every 100 kg of biodiesel produced generates approximately 10 kg of crude glycerol. As the biodiesel industry has expanded rapidly in recent years, finding new uses of the excess crude glycerol is important. Many studies have examined alternative uses of crude glycerol. One of them is the use of glycerol derivatives, such as glycerol tert-butyl ethers as fuel additives. In this paper, the etherification kinetics of glycerol with tert-butyl alcohol to glycerol tert-butyl ethers was studied using an Amberlyst catalyst. The influences of the catalyst type and loading, reaction time, molar ratio, and temperature were investigated in detail.

Nanostructured MFI-type zeolites as catalysts in glycerol etherification with tert-butyl alcohol

Hierarchical zeolite possessing MFI framework type was hydrothermally prepared using C22H45???N+(CH3)2???C6H12???N+(CH3)2???C6H13 as a structure-directing agent in a seed-assisted synthesis method. The nanosponge-like morphology was composed of a three-dimensional disordered network of MFI layers with 2.5?nm thickness supporting each other. Catalytic performance of the MFI nanosponge was investigated in glycerol etherification with tert-butyl alcohol in liquid phase and compared to conventional microporous MFI zeolite and MFI unilamelar nanosheet. The hierarchical zeolites were much more active, which can be attributed to the acid sites located on the external surfaces accessible for the reaction of bulky reactants.

Preparation method of 1,3-propanediol

The invention discloses a preparation method of 1,3-propanediol, and relates to the technical field of chemical synthesis. According to the scheme, glycerol is used as a raw material to prepare 1,3 propylene glycol by using a functional group directional protection method, that is, a terminal hydroxyl group is selectively protected through an etherification reaction, secondary hydroxyl group is removed through a sulfonylation reaction and a reduction reaction, and a protective group is removed. The process of the preparation method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high yield, few byproducts, low cost, easy separation and the like, is an environment-friendly and economical route, overcomes the defects of complex operation and low yield in the prior art, and has a wide development prospect.

Understanding the surface and structural characteristics of tungsten oxide supported on tin oxide catalysts for the conversion of glycerol

Abstract Catalysts with varying WO3 content on SnO2 were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, in situ Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption of NH3. In situ Raman analysis reveals the presence isolated monomers and polymeric species of WO3. These catalysts were evaluated for the conversion of glycerol into value added chemicals. Etherification of glycerol with tertiary butanol and preparation of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea are studied over these catalysts. The catalytic activity results suggest that the glycerol conversion and selectivity depends on the morphology of WO3 which in turn is related to its content in the catalyst. The catalysts with 5 wt.% of WO3 on SnO2 resulted in high dispersion with larger number of strong acidic sites. The selectivity in the glycerol etherification is related to the nature of the catalyst and reaction time. These catalysts also exhibited high activity for synthesis of glycerol carbonate. The effect of various reaction parameters was studied to optimize the reaction conditions. The catalysts also exhibited consistent activity upon reuse.

Thermodynamic characteristics of the sorption of glycerol ethers on stationary phase OV-101

Retention characteristics, temperature dependences of the retention characteristics, and thermodynamic characteristics of sorption on the nonpolar OV-101 phase are determined for 33 glycerol mono-, di-, and triethers with linear and branched monobasic alc