1637-75-8Relevant articles and documents
Discovery of N-(2-(Benzylamino)-2-oxoethyl)benzamide analogs as a novel scaffold of pancreatic β-cell protective agents against endoplasmic reticulum stress
Eeda, Venkateswararao,Herlea-Pana, Oana,Lim, Hui-Ying,Wang, Weidong
, p. 388 - 393 (2020/01/02)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death play important roles in the development of diabetes. The 1,2,3-triazole derivative 1 is one of only a few structures that have thus far been identified that protect β cells against ER stress. However, this compound has narrow activity range and limited aqueous solubility. To overcome these, we designed and synthesized a new scaffold in which the triazole pharmacophore was substituted with a glycine-like amino acid. Structure–activity relationship studies on this scaffold identified a N-(2-(Benzylamino)-2-oxoethyl)benzamide analog WO5m that possesses β-cell protective activity against ER stress with much improved potency (maximal activity at 100% with EC50 at 0.1?±?0.01?μm) and water solubility. Identification of this novel β-cell protective scaffold thus provides a new promising modality for the treatment of diabetes.
Crystal structure of the Homo sapiens kynureninase-3-hydroxyhippuric acid inhibitor complex: Insights into the molecular basis of kynureninase substrate specificity
Lima, Santiago,Kumar, Sunil,Gawandi, Vijay,Momany, Cory,Phillips, Robert S.
experimental part, p. 389 - 396 (2009/10/01)
Homo sapiens kynureninase is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxykynurenine to yield 3-hydroxyanthranilate and L-alanine as part of the tryptophan catabolic pathway leading to the de novo biosynthesis of NAD+. This pathway results in quinolinate, an excitotoxin that is an NMDA receptor agonist. High levels of quinolinate have been correlated with the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as AIDS-related dementia and Alzheimer's disease. We have synthesized a novel kynureninase inhibitor, 3-hydroxyhippurate, cocrystallized it with human kynureninase, and solved the atomic structure. On the basis of an analysis of the complex, we designed a series of His- 102, Ser-332, and Asn-333 mutants. The H102W/N333T and H102W/S332G/N333T mutants showed complete reversal of substrate specificity between 3-hydroxykynurenine and L-kynurenine, thus defining the primary residues contributing to substrate specificity in kynureninases.
