1643-86-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Gas/Liquid-Phase Micro-Flow Trifluoromethylation using Fluoroform: Trifluoromethylation of Aldehydes, Ketones, Chalcones, and N-Sulfinylimines
Hirano, Kazuki,Gondo, Satoshi,Punna, Nagender,Tokunaga, Etsuko,Shibata, Norio
, p. 406 - 410 (2019/02/13)
A micro-flow nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds using gaseous fluoroform was developed. This method also allows the first micro-flow transformation of N-sulfinylimines into trifluoromethyl amines with excellent diastereoselectivity. To demonstrate the synthetic utility of this micro-flow synthesis, the formal micro-flow synthesis of Efavirenz is described.
Development of (Trifluoromethyl)zinc Reagent as Trifluoromethyl Anion and Difluorocarbene Sources
Aikawa, Kohsuke,Toya, Wataru,Nakamura, Yuzo,Mikami, Koichi
supporting information, p. 4996 - 4999 (2015/11/03)
The trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds is accomplished by the stable (trifluoromethyl)zinc reagent generated and then isolated from CF3I and ZnEt2, which can be utilized as a trifluoromethyl anion source (CF3-). The reaction proceeds smoothly with diamine as a ligand and ammonium salt as an initiator, providing the corresponding trifluoromethylated alcohol products. Moreover, the (trifluoromethyl)zinc reagent can also be employed as a difluorocarbene source (:CF2) not only for gem-difluoroolefination of carbonyl compounds with phosphine but also for gem-difluorocyclization of alkenes or alkynes via the thermal decomposition, respectively.
Magnesium metal-mediated reductive trifluoromethylation of aldehydes with phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone
Zhao, Yanchuan,Zhu, Jieming,Ni, Chuanfa,Hu, Jinbo
experimental part, p. 1899 - 1904 (2010/08/19)
An unprecedented reductive nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of aldehydes by using phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone is reported. Mercury(II) chloride efficiently activates magnesium metal to induce the desulfonylative trifluoromethylation process. The new r
The reduction of aryl trifluoromethyl ketones by sodium borohydride. The hydride transfer process
Stewart, Ross,Teo, K. C.
, p. 2491 - 2496 (2007/10/02)
The rates of reduction of 17 aryl trifluoromethyl ketones by sodium borohydride in 2-propanol have been measured.The rho (ρ) value is 3.12, excluding the 4-amino and 4-dimethylamino groups, which both lower the rate to a greater extent than their ? values predict.The close correspondence between substituent effects for hydride addition in the methyl and trifluoromethyl series (excluding the amino groups) suggests that normal substituent effects are to be expected for oxidation processes involving hydride removal in trifluoromethyl compounds.The present results are consistent with the oxidation of aryl trifluoromethyl carbi ols by permanganate taking place by hydrogen atom abstraction.The effect of substituents on the rate of reduction of the trifluoromethyl ketones is almost identical to that on the equilibrium constant for formation of the ketone hydrates.The application of the reactivity-selectivity principle to the reduction reaction is also considered.Reduction of the 4-ethyl compound has ΔH = 2.7 kcal mol-1 and ΔS = -38 cal deg-1 mol-1.
The reduction of aryl trifluoromethyl ketones by N-carbamoylmethyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide
Stewart, Ross,Teo, K. C.,Ng, L. K.
, p. 2497 - 2503 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of 15 aryl trifluoromethyl ketones with N-carbamoylmethyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide has been studied in aqueous sulfolane buffer.The unsubstituted ketone and those containing electron-withdrawing groups in the ring have the following reaction characteristics: (a) a high yield of alcohol is obtained, (b) the observed reaction rate is independent of ring substituent; however, when corrections are made for degree of hydration of the ketones the rate is correlated with Hammett ? values with a rho of 1.98, (c) a secondary isotope effect of approximately 1.08 and primary isotope effects of 1.45-1.62 are observed at 43.4 deg C for the reaction of the dihydronicotinamide containing one or two atoms of deuterium at C-4, (d) ΔH = 15.2 kcal mol-1, and ΔS = -27.0 cal deg-1 mol-1 for the unsubstituted compound, uncorrected for ketone hydration; ΔS for reaction of the unhydrated ketone and dihydronicotinamide is estimated to be -45 to -50 cal deg-1 mol-1.The mechanism for the reduction is consistent with hydride transfer from reductant to oxidant, very possibly accompanied by blind-alley formation of an adduct between ketone hydrate and dihydronicotinamide.Ketones containing electron-donating groups in the ring react with the dihydronicotinamide in some undetermined way, giving little or no alcohol as product.
