16515-90-5

Usage

Physical state

Colorless and odorless liquid

Food additive

Stabilizes emulsions and controls acidity

Plasticizer

Increases flexibility and durability in plastic products

Fragrance ingredient

Used in cosmetics and personal care products

Safety

Considered safe for use in food and personal care products

Toxicity

Low toxicity level

Potential hazards

Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory system

Upstream product

• 6279-86-3 methanetricarboxylic acid triethyl ester 
• 74-88-4 methyl iodide 
• 77-78-1 dimethyl sulfate 
• 68922-87-2 sodium 1,3-diethoxy-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,3-dioxopropan-2-ide 
• 10359-15-6 diethyl 2-cyanosuccinate 
• 7647-01-0 hydrogenchloride 
• 64-17-5 ethanol 
• 80-48-8 methyl p-toluene sulfonate 

Downstream Products

• 1187184-36-6 7-amino-6-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitrile 
• 1187184-32-2 7-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,6-dicarbonitrile 
• 1187184-44-6 7-amino-6-(4-bromobenzoyl)-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitrile 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis and properties of cobalt(III) complexes of tripodal ligands containing amide functional groups

Two new, trigonally symmetrical, triamide tripodal ligands and their complexes with the cobalt(III) ion, [1,1,1-tris-(4-amino-1-oxo-2-azabutyl)ethanato]cobalt(III)trihydrate 1 and [1,1,1-tris(4-amino-4-methyl-3-oxo-2-azapentyl)-ethanato]cobalt(III)-water- ethanol (1/8/0.5) 2 have been prepared. The hexadentate structures of the neutral, trigonal, triamido complexes have been established by an X-ray study of 1 and 13C NMR spectrometry of both molecules. The chemical, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the complexes have been investigated as well as those of the monoamido tripodal complex [1,9-diamino-5-(4-amino-2-azabutyl)-5-ethoxycarbonyl-4-oxo-3,7-diazanonanato] cobalt(III) chloride.

Alkyne-mediated domino hydroformylation/double cyclization: Mechanistic insight and synthesis of (±)-tashiromine

A novel domino reaction, alkyne-mediated domino hydroformylation/double cyclization, has been developed for rapid preparation of indolizidine type alkaloids. DFT calculations were applied for rationales of reactivity and selectivity. A concise synthesis of tashiromine as the application of the methodology is also reported.

Substituent Effects on the C-C Bond Strength, 19. Geminal Substituent Effects, 10. Radical Stabilization Enthalpies of α,α-Bis(methoxycarbonyl)alkyl and Tris(methoxycarbonyl)methyl Radicals

Heats of formation ΔH0f(g) were determined from enthalpies of combustion ΔH0f(c) and enthalpies of vaporization ΔH0vap or sublimation ΔH0sub for the eight substituted methanetricarboxylates 2a-h.From these data and from previously determined enthalpies of formation ΔH0f of substituted malonic esters new thermochemical group increments were derived.From these increments and from the recently published improved increments for carboxylic acid esters the gem. interaction enthalpies of two and three COOR groups were calculated.The radical stabilization enthalpies RSE of α,α-bis(methoxycarbonyl)alkyl (18.2 kJ mol-1, 1a) and tris(methoxycarbonyl)methyl radicals (5.2 kJ mol-1, 1b) were derived from kinetic data obtained by means of our previously developed protocol.They were corrected for the gem. interaction energies of the ester groups in the ground state and are satisfactorily explained by an additive stabilizing effect for the ester substituents and by dipolar substituent interactions in the radicals.The dipolar energies were taken from MM2 calculations. - Keywords: Enthalpies of formation / Geminal substituents, energetic interaction of / Bond cleavage, C-C, kinetics of / Radicals, stabilization of / Increments, thermochemical, of esters