165315-68-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Pyridine-substituted desoxyritonavir is a more potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4 than ritonavir
Sevrioukova, Irina F.,Poulos, Thomas L.
supporting information, p. 3733 - 3741 (2013/06/27)
Utilization of the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitor ritonavir as a pharmacoenhancer for anti-HIV drugs revolutionized the treatment of HIV infection. However, owing to ritonavir-related complications, there is a need for development of new CYP3A4 in
Discovery of ritonavir, a potent inhibitor of HIV protease with high oral bioavailability and clinical efficacy
Kempf, Dale J.,Sham, Hing L.,Marsh, Kennan C.,Flentge, Charles A.,Betebenner, David,Green, Brian E.,McDonald, Edith,Vasavanonda, Sudthida,Saldivar, Ayda,Wideburg, Norman E.,Kati, Warren M.,Ruiz, Lisa,Zhao, Chen,Fino, Lynnmarie,Patterson, Jean,Molla, Akhteruzzaman,Plattner, Jacob J.,Norbeck, Daniel W.
, p. 602 - 617 (2007/10/03)
The structure-activity studies leading to the potent and clinically efficacious HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir are described. Beginning with the moderately potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor A-80987, systematic investigation of peripheral (P3 and P2') heterocyclic groups designed to decrease the rate of hepatic metabolism provided analogues with improved pharmacokinetic properties after oral dosing in rats. Replacement of pyridyl groups with thiazoles provided increased chemical stability toward oxidation while maintaining sufficient aqueous solubility for oral absorption. Optimization of hydrophobic interactions with the HIV protease active site produced ritonavir, with excellent in vitro potency (EC50 = 0.02 μM) and high and sustained plasma concentrations after oral administration in four species. Details of the discovery and preclinical development of ritonavir are described.
