1655-72-7Relevant articles and documents
Ullmann diaryl ether synthesis: rate acceleration by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione.
Buck, Elizabeth,Song, Zhiguo Jake,Tschaen, David,Dormer, Peter G,Volante,Reider, Paul J
, p. 1623 - 1626 (2002)
[reaction: see text]. In the copper salt catalyzed ether formation from aryl bromides or iodides and phenols, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione (TMHD) was found to greatly accelerate the ordinarily difficult reaction, making it occur under more moderate temperatures and reaction times. A series of aryl halides and phenols were shown to form ethers in NMP as the solvent, cesium carbonate as the base, and CuCl and TMHD as the catalysts. The reaction was shown to tolerate electron-rich aryl bromides and electron-neutral phenols.
Synthesis of diaryl ethers through the copper-promoted arylation of phenols with arylboronic acids. An expedient synthesis of thyroxine
Evans, David A.,Katz, Jeffrey L.,West, Theodore R.
, p. 2937 - 2940 (2007/10/03)
Diaryl ethers are readily synthesized in high yield at room temperature through the copper(II)-promoted coupling of arylboronic acids and phenols. The reaction is tolerant of a wide range of substituents on both coupling partners. These reaction condition