166019-39-2

Upstream product

• 880633-81-8 (1S,3S)-1-hydroxymethylcyclohexane-1,3-diol 
• 880633-80-7 (3R,5S)-3,5-bis(benzyloxy)-5-benzyloxymethylcyclohexene 
• 880633-79-4 (3aS,4R,6R,7aR)-4,6-bis(benzyloxy)-6-(benzyloxymethyl)hexahydrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-2-thione 
• 77-95-2 D-(-)-quinic acid 
• 930-68-7 cyclohexenone 
• 5515-64-0 trans-1,3-cyclohexanediol 
• 823-18-7 cis-1,3-cyclohexanediol 
• 302577-72-6 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one 
• 72029-30-2 (2S,3S)-2,3-epoxy-cyclohexan-1-one 
• 504-01-8 cyclohexane-1,3-diol 
• 108-05-4 vinyl acetate 
• 823-19-8 3-hydroxycyclohexanone 
• 1201815-98-6 (S)-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohexanone 
• 880633-83-0 (1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-bis(benzyloxy)-5-(benzyloxymethyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diol 

Downstream Products

• 880633-82-9 (S)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)cyclohexanone 
• 930-68-7 cyclohexenone 
• 474316-80-8 (1R,3S)-1-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexanediol 
• 1419168-58-3 (S)-3-oxocyclohexyl benzoate 
• 220829-64-1 (3S,5E,7E)-19-nor-9,10-secocholesta-5,7-diene-3,25-diol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Antimalarial Trioxolanes with Superior Drug-Like Properties and in Vivo Efficacy

The emergence of artemisinin resistance, combined with certain suboptimal properties of ozonide agents arterolane and artefenomel, has necessitated the search for new drug candidates in the endoperoxide class. Our group has focused on trioxolane analogues with substitution patterns not previously explored. Here, we describe the enantioselective synthesis of analogues bearing a trans-3″ carbamate side chain and find these to be superior, both in vitro and in vivo, to the previously reported amides. We identified multiple analogues that surpass the oral efficacy of arterolane in the Plasmodium berghei model while exhibiting drug-like properties (logD, solubility, metabolic stability) similar or superior to next-generation clinical candidates like E209 and OZ609. While the preclinical assessment of new analogues is still underway, current data suggest the potential of this chemotype as a likely source of future drug candidates from the endoperoxide class.

SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF CHIRAL SUBSTITUTED POLYVINYLPYRROLIDINONES

Chiral polyvinylpyrrolidinone (CSPVP), complexes of CSPVP with a core species, such as a metallic nanocluster catalyst, and enantioselective oxidation reactions utilizing such complexes are disclosed. The CSPVP complexes can be used in asymmetric oxidation of diols, enantioselective oxidation of alkenes, and carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, for example. The CSPVP can also be complexed with biomolecules such as proteins, DNA, and RNA, and used as nanocarriers for siRNA or dsRNA delivery.

Chiral-Substituted Poly-N-vinylpyrrolidinones and Bimetallic Nanoclusters in Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidation Reactions

A new class of poly-N-vinylpyrrolidinones containing an asymmetric center at C5 of the pyrrolidinone ring were synthesized from l-amino acids. The polymers, particularly 17, were used to stabilize nanoclusters such as Pd/Au for the catalytic asymmetric oxidations of 1,3- and 1,2-cycloalkanediols and alkenes, and Cu/Au was used for C-H oxidation of cycloalkanes. It was found that the bulkier the C5 substituent in the pyrrolidinone ring, the greater the optical yields produced. Both oxidative kinetic resolution of (±)-1,3- and 1,2-trans-cycloalkanediols and desymmetrization of meso cis-diols took place with 0.15 mol % Pd/Au (3:1)-17 under oxygen atmosphere in water to give excellent chemical and optical yields of (S)-hydroxy ketones. Various alkenes were oxidized with 0.5 mol % Pd/Au (3:1)-17 under 30 psi of oxygen in water to give the dihydroxylated products in >93% ee. Oxidation of (R)-limonene at 25 °C occurred at the C-1,2-cyclic alkene function yielding (1S,2R,4R)-dihydroxylimonene 49 in 92% yield. Importantly, cycloalkanes were oxidized with 1 mol % Cu/Au (3:1)-17 and 30% H2O2 in acetonitrile to afford chiral ketones in very good to excellent chemical and optical yields. Alkene function was not oxidized under the reaction conditions. Mechanisms were proposed for the oxidation reactions, and observed stereo- and regio-chemistry were summarized.

Enantioselective Michael addition of water

The enantioselective Michael addition using water as both nucleophile and solvent has to date proved beyond the ability of synthetic chemists. Herein, the direct, enantioselective Michael addition of water in water to prepare important β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds using whole cells of Rhodococcus strains is described. Good yields and excellent enantioselectivities were achieved with this method. Deuterium labeling studies demonstrate that a Michael hydratase catalyzes the water addition exclusively with anti-stereochemistry.

Heterogeneous versus homogeneous copper(II) catalysis in enantioselective conjugate-addition reactions of boron in water

We have developed CuII-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate-addition reactions of boron to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in water. In contrast to the previously reported CuI catalysis that required organic solvents, chiral CuII catalysis was found to proceed efficiently in water. Three catalyst systems have been exploited: cat. 1: Cu(OH)2 with chiral ligand L1; cat. 2: Cu(OH)2 and acetic acid with ligand L1; and cat. 3: Cu(OAc)2 with ligand L1. Whereas cat. 1 is a heterogeneous system, cat. 2 and cat. 3 are homogeneous systems. We tested 27 α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and an α,β-unsaturated nitrile compound, including acyclic and cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones, acyclic and cyclic β,β- disubstituted enones, acyclic and cyclic α,β-unsaturated esters (including their β,β-disubstituted forms), and acyclic α,β-unsaturated amides (including their β,β-disubstituted forms). We found that cat. 2 and cat. 3 showed high yields and enantioselectivities for almost all substrates. Notably, no catalysts that can tolerate all of these substrates with high yields and high enantioselectivities have been reported for the conjugate addition of boron. Heterogeneous cat. 1 also gave high yields and enantioselectivities with some substrates and also gave the highest TOF (43 200 h-1) for an asymmetric conjugate-addition reaction of boron. In addition, the catalyst systems were also applicable to the conjugate addition of boron to α,β,γ, δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, although such reactions have previously been very limited in the literature, even in organic solvents. 1,4-Addition products were obtained in high yields and enantioselectivities in the reactions of acyclic α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with diboron 2 by using cat. 1, cat. 2, or cat. 3. On the other hand, in the reactions of cyclic α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with compound 2, whereas 1,4-addition products were exclusively obtained by using cat. 2 or cat. 3, 1,6-addition products were exclusively produced by using cat. 1. Similar unique reactivities and selectivities were also shown in the reactions of cyclic trienones. Finally, the reaction mechanisms of these unique conjugate-addition reactions in water were investigated and we propose stereochemical models that are supported by X-ray crystallography and MS (ESI) analysis. Although the role of water has not been completely revealed, water is expected to be effective in the activation of a borylcopper(II) intermediate and a protonation event subsequent to the nucleophilic addition step, thereby leading to overwhelmingly high catalytic turnover. Copyright

Synthesis and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of enantioenriched secondary potassium β-trifluoroboratoamides: Catalytic, asymmetric conjugate addition of bisboronic acid and tetrakis(dimethylamino)diboron to α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds

Enantioenriched potassium β-trifluoroboratoamides have been synthesized via an asymmetric, copper-catalyzed 1,4-addition of tetrahydroxydiboron (BBA) and tetrakis(dimethylamino)-diboron to α,β-Unsaturated amides. These dibora reagents provide access to the desired organotri-fluoroborates using effective and atom economical sources of boron. The copper-catalyzed β-boration is extended to α,β- Unsaturated ketones and esters. The desired potassium organotrifluoroborates are synthesized with yields up to 92% and enantiomeric ratios up to 98:2. The enantioenriched potassium btrifluoroboratoamides are successfully cross-coupled with an array of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides in high yield with complete stereochemical fidelity as the transmetalation proceeds through an SE2 mechanism via an open transition state.

The cinchona primary amine-catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation and hydroperoxidation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with hydrogen peroxide

Using cinchona alkaloid-derived primary amines as catalysts and aqueous hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, we have developed highly enantioselective Weitz-Scheffer-type epoxidation and hydroperoxidation reactions of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (up to 99.5:0.5 er). In this article, we present our full studies on this family of reactions, employing acyclic enones, 5-15-membered cyclic enones, and α-branched enals as substrates. In addition to an expanded scope, synthetic applications of the products are presented. We also report detailed mechanistic investigations of the catalytic intermediates, structure-activity relationships of the cinchona amine catalyst, and rationalization of the absolute stereoselectivity by NMR spectroscopic studies and DFT calculations.

Kinetic resolution of 3-hydroxycyclohexanone using different lipases

A new approach to enantiomerically enriched cyclic β-hydroxy ketones was developed. 3-Hydroxycyclohexanone was successfully resolved using lipase catalyzed transesterification. Among the lipases screened PFL, PCL, and PPL-II gave 57%, 39%, and 25% yield o

C-quaternary vinylglycinols by metal-catalyzed cyclization of allylic bistrichloroacetimidates

Bistrichloroacetimidates derived from 2-substituted but-2-ene-1,4-diols are transformed into 4-substituted 4-vinyloxazolines in high yields and excellent regioselectivities when Lewis acids AlCl3, FeCl3, TMSOTf, BF3OEt2, and AgBF4 are used as catalysts as well as with the Pd(PPh3)2Cl2/AgBF4 catalytic system. Lower regioselectivity is achieved with a neutral PdCl 2(MeCN)2 catalyst and this could be a consequence of a switch to a competitive but less selective reaction mechanism. It is demonstrated that 4-substituted 4-vinyloxazolines can be efficiently transformed to N-Boc-protected C-quaternary vinylglycinols in a one-pot procedure. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.

Catalytic enantioselective boron conjugate addition to cyclic carbonyl compounds: A new approach to cyclic β-hydroxy carbonyls

The highly enantioselective conjugate boration of six-membered and seven-membered cyclic enones and unsaturated esters was achieved by the use of a copper-(R,S)-Taniaphos complex with up to 99% ee under optimal conditions. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2