16648-52-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Installation of protected ammonia equivalents onto aromatic & heteroaromatic rings in water enabled by micellar catalysis
Isley, Nicholas A.,Dobarco, Sebastian,Lipshutz, Bruce H.
supporting information, p. 1480 - 1488 (2014/03/21)
A single set of conditions consisting of a palladium catalyst, a commercially available ligand, and a base, allow for several types of C-N bond constructions to be conducted in water with the aid of a commercially available "designer" surfactant (TPGS-750-M). Products containing a protected NH2 group in the form of a carbamate, sulfonamide, or urea can be fashioned starting with aryl or heteroaryl bromides, iodides, and in some cases, chlorides, as substrates. Reaction temperatures are in the range of room temperature to, at most, 50 °C, and result in essentially full conversion and good isolated yields.
The Biodegradation of Low-molecular-weight Urethane Compounds by a Strain of Exophiala jeanselmei
Owen, Stephen,Otani, Takahito,Masaoka, Satoshi,Ohe, Tatsuhiko
, p. 244 - 248 (2007/10/03)
To further analyze the biodegradation of polyurethane polymers, we investigated the biodegradation of low-molecular-weight N-tolylcarbamate model compounds with structures closely resembling the urethane linkages found in polyurethanes based on tolylene-diisocyanate (TDT). Soil microflora were screened for microorganisms that were able to utilize toluene-2,4-dicarbamic acid, diethyl ester (compound 1) as the sole source of carbon, and the soil fungus Exophiala jeanselmei strain REN-11A was selected as the most effective strain. Several N-tolylcarbamate compounds were used, and it was found that REN-11A was able to degrade compound 1, as well as the related compound toluene-2,6-dicarbamic acid, diethyl ester, very efficiently. Further investigation showed that compound 1 was biodegraded to tolylene-2,4-diamine via the aromatic amine intermediates carbamic acid, (3-amino-4-methylphenyl)-, ethyl ester and carbamic acid, (5-amino-2-methylphenyl)-, ethyl ester.
