170570-75-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolated nitric oxide donor ester prodrugs of 5-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole and its methanesulfonyl analog: Synthesis, biological evaluation and nitric oxide release studies
Abdellatif, Khaled R.A.,Chowdhury, Morshed Alam,Dong, Ying,Velazquez, Carlos,Das, Dipankar,Suresh, Mavanur R.,Knaus, Edward E.
experimental part, p. 9694 - 9698 (2009/04/07)
A new class of hybrid nitric oxide-releasing anti-inflammatory (AI) ester prodrugs (NONO-coxibs 12a-b) wherein an O2-acetoxymethyl 1-(2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (11, O2-acetoxymethyl PROLI/NO) NO-donor moiety was covalently coupled to the bromomethyl group of 5-(4-bromomethylphenyl)-1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole (9a), and its methanesulfonyl analog (9b), were synthesized. The diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate compounds 12a-b released a low amount of NO upon incubation with phosphate buffer (PBS) at pH 7.4 (6.1-8.2% range). In comparison, the percentage NO released was significantly higher (76-77% of the theoretical maximal release of two molecules of NO/molecule of the parent hybrid ester prodrug) when the diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate ester prodrugs 12a-b were incubated in the presence of rat serum. These incubation studies suggest that both NO and the anti-inflammatory 5-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole (10a), and its methanesulfonyl analog (10b), would be released from the parent NONO-coxib 12a or 12b upon in vivo cleavage by non-specific serum esterases. The hydroxymethyl compounds 10a-b were weak inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 isozymes (IC50 = 3.7-10.5 μM range). However, the hydroxymethyl compounds 10a-b and the parent NONO-coxibs 12a-b exhibited good AI activities (ED50 = 76.7-111.6 μmol/kg po range) that were greater than that exhibited by the reference drugs aspirin (ED50 = 710 μmol/kg po) and ibuprofen (ED50 = 327 μmol/kg po), but less than that of celecoxib (ED50 = 30.9 μmol/kg po). These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO-donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) constitutes a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1,5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: Identification of 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)- 3(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide (sc-58635, celecoxib)
Penning, Thomas D.,Talley, John J.,Bertenshaw, Stephen R.,Carter, Jeffery S.,Collins, Paul W.,Docter, Stephen,Graneto, Matthew J.,Lee, Len F.,Malecha, James W.,Miyashiro, Julie M.,Rogers, Roland S.,Rogier,Yu, Stella S.,Anderson, Gary D.,Burton, Earl G.,Cogburn, J. Nita,Gregory, Susan A.,Koboldt, Carol M.,Perkins, William E.,Seibert, Karen,Veenhuizen, Amy W.,Zhang, Yan Y.,Isakson, Peter C.
, p. 1347 - 1365 (2007/10/03)
A series of sulfonamide-containing 1,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to block cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in vitro and in vivo. Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) work was carried out within this series, and a number of potent and selective inhibitors of COX-2 were identified. Since an early structural lead (1f, SC- 236) exhibited an unacceptably long plasma half-life, a number of pyrazole analogs containing potential metabolic sites were evaluated further in vivo in an effort to identify compounds with acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles. This work led to the identification of 1i (4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-y1]benzenesulfonamide, SC-58635, celecoxib), which is currently in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
