17488-25-4Relevant articles and documents
Metabolism and disposition of 1,4,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats
Huwe,Feil,Larsen,Wiener
, p. 1885 - 1893 (1998)
Metabolism studies of 1,4,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a relatively nontoxic dioxin congener, were undertaken to gain a better understanding of mammalian metabolism of dioxins without the problems associated with the use of the most toxic congener, 2,3,7,8-TCDD. 14C- 1,4,7,8-TCDD was dosed to conventional and bile-cannulated rats at a level of 8 mg/kg. The 14C was excreted almost entirely in 72 hours with the major routes of excretion feces and bile. Metabolites were identified from the feces, bile, and urine by GC-MS or negative ion FAB MS and 1H NMR. The two major fetal metabolites were hydroxylated tetra- and triCDDs. Glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of these hydroxyl metabolites were found in the urine and bile. Minor metabolites included dichlorocatechol, dihydroxylated tetra- and triCDDs, and conjugates of these compounds.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Part 33. Kinetics and Products of Aromatic Nitrations in Solutions of Dinitrogen Pentaoxide in Nitric Acid
Moodie, Roy B.,Stephens, R. John
, p. 1059 - 1064 (2007/10/02)
The kinetics and/or products of reaction, in nitric acid containing 0-5 mol dm-3 of dinitrogen pentaoxide, of phenyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene, 1,2,4-trichloro-5-nitrobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene, 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,3,5-trichloro-2-nitrobenzene, 1,2-dichloro-3-nitrobenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, and 1,3-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene, have been studied.For each substrate investigated kinetically, rate coefficients for nitration in solutions containing more than ca. 2 mol dm-3 dinitrogen pentaoxide increase more quickly than the concentration of nitronium ion.In the cases of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichloro-5-nitrobenzene, but not with the other substrates, there was evidence for the formation of, in addition to expected aromatic nitroproducts, unstable cyclohexadiene products.Those from 1,2,4-trichloro-5-nitrobenzene were identified as a diastereomeric pair of 3,5,6-trichloro-2,4-dinitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienyl nitrates.A mechanism for the formation of these products is proposed.