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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of β-Amino Ketones using graphene oxide: a benign carbonaceous acid catalyst for Mannich reaction

Abstract: Simple and easily preparable graphene oxide (GO) is used as a straightforward carbocatalyst for the synthesis of β-amino ketones via a 3-component Mannich reaction under mild condition. The native GO is acting as a carbonaceous solid Br?nsted acid catalyst without any special functionalization, yielding a spectrum of β-amino ketones under metal-free conditions. The present catalytic method offers a benign and simple procedure without any hazardous workup, and chromatographic purification resulted in an excellent yield of β-amino ketones. The catalyst has shown good sustainability up to 6 consecutive catalytic cycles without any significant loss in its activity. The stability of the recovered catalyst is proved by analytical techniques such as FT-IR, PXRD, SEM, and TEM. This mild solid-acid catalyst offers an alternative and sustainable approach to get synthetically essential β-amino ketones under greener conditions. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Air-stable μ2-hydroxyl bridged cationic binuclear complexes of zirconocene perfluorooctanesulfonates: their structures, characterization and application

Three air-stable zirconocene perfluoro-octanesulfonates were successfully synthesized by treatment of C8F17SO3Ag with (RCp)2ZrCl2 [R = H, n-Bu, t-Bu]. According to X-ray analysis, they have μ2-hydroxyl bridged cationic binuclear structures: (i) [CpZr(OH2)3]2(μ2-OH)2(OSO2C8F17)4·2THF·4H2O (1a·2THF·4H2O), (ii) [n-BuCpZr(OH2)3]2(μ2-OH)2(OSO2C8F17)4·6H2O (2a·6H2O), and (iii) [t-BuCpZr(OH2)3]2(μ2-OH)2(OSO2C8F17)4·2C3H6O·8H2O (3a·2C3H6O·8H2O). The ligands of water and organic molecules in the complexes originated from the moist air and solvent during their recrystallization. These complexes were characterized with different techniques, and found to show water tolerance, air/thermal stability as well as strong Lewis acidity. Moreover, the complexes showed highly catalytic activity in various reactions of C–C bond formation. With good recyclability, they should find wide applications in organic chemistry.

Diaryliodonium salts as efficient Lewis acid catalysts for direct three component Mannich reactions

Diaryliodonium(iii) salts, as highly active and versatile Lewis acid catalysts for the direct three component Mannich reaction under solvent free conditions, have been investigated. The Mannich products were isolated in good to excellent yields in a very clean manner. Additionally, the catalyst could be recycled without significant loss of its catalytic activity. This journal is

Entirely green protocol for the synthesis of β-aminoketones using saccharose as a homogenous catalyst

Saccharose was applied as an efficient and homogenous catalyst for a one-pot, three-component Mannich reaction for the formation of β-aminoketones from aromatic aldehydes, anilines, and acetophenone at ambient temperature in excellent yields. This protocol has the following advantages: mild conditions, high yields, clean reaction profiles, operational simplicity, and environmentally benign and simple work-up procedures.

Highly stereoselective facile synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds via a Mannich-type reaction catalyzed by γ-Al2O 3/MeSO3H (alumina/methanesulfonic acid: AMA) as recyclable, efficient, and versatile heterogeneous catalyst

Mannich reaction of ketones, aromatic aldehydes, and aromatic amines catalyzed efficiently by g-Al2O3/MeSO3H (alumina/methanesulfonic acid: AMA) as a heterogeneous catalyst, which were carried out in EtOH at ambient temperature to afford the corresponding b-amino ketones in good yields and high stereoselectivities in favor of the anti isomer, was described for the first time. It was found that this catalyst could be completely recovered and reused without loss of its catalytic activities and is thus environmentally conscious. Furthermore, the use of g-Al2O3/CH3SO3H (AMA) catalyst is feasible because of its easy preparation, easy handling, stability, easy recovery, reusability, good activity, stereoselectivity, and eco-friendliness. The use of this method provides a novel and improved modification of the three-component Mannich reaction in terms of mild reaction conditions and clean reaction profiles, using a very small quantity of catalyst and a simple workup procedure.