18159-13-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Highly efficient monophosphine-based catalyst for the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of heteroaryl halides and heteroaryl boronic acids and esters
Billingsley, Kelvin,Buchwald, Stephen L.
, p. 3358 - 3366 (2007/10/03)
A highly active and efficient catalyst system derived from a palladium precatalyst and monophosphine ligands 1 or 2 for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of heteroaryl boronic acids and esters has been developed. This method allows for the preparation of a wide variety of heterobiaryls in good to excellent yields and displays a high level of activity for the coupling of heteroaryl chlorides as well as hindered aryl and heteroaryl halides. Specific factors that govern the efficacy of the transformation for certain heterocyclic motifs were also investigated.
Bromination and Chlorination of Pyrrole and Some Reactive 1-Substituted Pyrroles
Gilow, H. M.,Burton, D. Edward
, p. 2221 - 2225 (2007/10/02)
Monobromination of pyrrole and 1-methyl-, 1-benzyl-, and 1-phenylpyrrole with 1 mol of N-bromosuccinimide in tetrahydrofuran results in the regiospecific formation of the 2-bromopyrroles.A little disubstitution is observed.Similarly, brominations with 2, 3, or 4 mol of NBS form primarily the di-, tri-, and tetrabromopyrroles, respectively.The thermodynamically more stable 3-bromopyrroles are the major monobrominated products observed when bromine is used as the brominating agent due to isomerization of the 2-bromopyrroles with hydrogen bromide.These reaction mixtures are further complicated because of disproportionation reactions.Chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide gave results similar to those for the bromination with NBS, but the reaction is not as selective.
