18454-49-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of substituted cinnamic acids and cinnamonitriles via palladium catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halides with acrylic acid and acrylonitrile in aqueous media
Bumagin, N. A.,More, P. G.,Beletskaya, I. P.
, p. 397 - 402 (1989)
The palladium-catalysed coupling reactions of aryl halides with acrylic acid and acrylonitrile in the presence of a base (NaHCO3 or K2CO3) in water provide a novel and efficient and very simple method for the synthesis of substituted cinnamic acids and cinnamonitriles in high yields.NaHCO3 or K2CO3 effectively acts as a base in the reaction at elevated temperature (80-100 deg C).The reaction can be carried out with higher velocity and at low temperature (50-60 deg C), using CH3COOK as a base.
Formation of Cyanide Ion or Cyanogen Chloride through the Cleavage of Aromatic Rings by Nitrous Acid or Chlorine. X. Pathway of Cyanogen Chloride Formation in the Reactions of 1-Naphthol and 4-Phenylimidazole with Chloramine
Ohya, Takeshi,Kanno, Saburo
, p. 4095 - 4102 (2007/10/02)
The pathway in the formation of cyanogen chloride from the reaction of 1-naphthol (1) and 4-phenylimidazole with chloramine was investigated.The intermediates isolated in the reaction of 1-naphthol (1) with chloramine were N-chloro-1,2-naphthoquinone 2-imine (2) and o-carboxycinnamonitrile (6), the latter of which, liberating cyanogen chloride, was finally converted to phthalide-3-carboxylic acid (8).The products obtained in the reaction of 4-phenylimidazole (10) with chloramine were benzonitrile (14), benzoylformic acid (22) and benzoic acid (23) besides cyanogen chloride.Cyanogen chloride formed by the reaction of 4-methylimidazole with 15N>-chloramine was C14NCl.From these results the pathway of cyanogen chloride formation was elucidated.Keywords - cyanogen chloride; 1-naphthol; 4-phenylimidazole; histidine; chloramine; hypochlorous acid
