18618-89-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Metal-Organic Frameworks Invert Molecular Reactivity: Lewis Acidic Phosphonium Zwitterions Catalyze the Aldol-Tishchenko Reaction
Bauer, Gerald,Ongari, Daniele,Xu, Xiaoying,Tiana, Davide,Smit, Berend,Ranocchiari, Marco
, p. 18166 - 18169 (2017)
The influence of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as additives is herein described for the reaction of n-alkyl aldehydes in the presence of methylvinylketone and triphenylphosphine. In the absence of a MOF, the expected Morita-Baylis-Hillman product, a β-hydroxy enone, is observed. In the presence of MOFs with UMCM-1 and MOF-5 topologies, the reaction is selective to Aldol-Tishchenko products, the 1 and 3 n-alkylesters of 2-alkyl-1,3-diols, which is unprecedented in organocatalysis. The (3-oxo-2-butenyl)triphenylphosphonium zwitterion, a commonly known nucleophile, is identified as the catalytic active species. This zwitterion favors nucleophilic character in solution, whereas once confined within the framework, it becomes an electrophile yielding Aldol-Tishchenko selectivity. Computational investigations reveal a structural change in the phosphonium moiety induced by the steric confinement of the framework that makes it accessible and an electrophile.
Isolation and total synthesis of two novel metabolites from the fissurellid mollusc Scutus antipodes
Chand, Satish,Karuso, Peter
supporting information, p. 1020 - 1023 (2017/02/18)
There is almost no information on natural products from gastropods in the order Vetigastropoda and nothing at all for the superfamily Fissurellidae (keyhole and slit limpets), which are only partially protected from predation by their shell. Extraction of the Australian fissurellid Scutus antipodes yielded two new compounds, scutinin A [D-sorbityl hexakis(p-hydroxybenzoate)] and scutinin B [2-ethylhexane-1,3-bis(p-hydroxybenzoate)] that were identified by spectroscopic analysis and their structures confirmed by total synthesis. The compounds were found to have antimicrobial activity but no fish antifeedant activity.
Homoleptic lanthanide amides as homogeneous catalysts for alkyne hydroamination and the Tishchenko reaction
Buergstein, Markus R.,Berberich, Helga,Roesky, Peter W.
, p. 3078 - 3085 (2007/10/03)
The homoleptic bis(trimethylsilyl)amides of Group 3 metals and lanthanides of the general type [Ln{N(SiMe3)2}3] (1) (Ln = Y, lanthanide) represent a new class of Tishchenko precatalysts and, to a limited extent, precatalysts for the hydroamination/cyclization of aminoalkynes. It is shown that 1 is the most active catalyst for the Tishchenko reaction. This contribution presents investigations on the scope of the reaction, substrate selectivity, lanthanide-ion size-effect, and kinetic/ mechanistic aspects of the Tishchenko reaction catalyzed by 1. The turnover frequency is increased by the use of large-center metals and electron-with-drawing substrates. The reaction rate is second order with respect to the substrate. While donor atoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, on the substrate decrease the turnover frequency, 1 shows a tolerance for a large number of functional groups. For the hydroamination/cyclization of aminoalkynes, 1 is less active than the well-known metallocene catalysts. On the other hand, 1 is much more readily accessible (one-step synthesis or commercially available), than the metallocenes and might therefore be an attractive alternative catalyst.
Trimerization of aliphatic aldehydes to 1,3-diol monoesters catalyzed by Cp*2Sm(thf)2
Miyano, Akira,Tashiro, Daisuke,Kawasaki, Yumi,Sakaguchi, Satoshi,Ishii, Yasutaka
, p. 6901 - 6902 (2007/10/03)
Aliphatic aldehydes underwent trimerization in the presence of a catalytic amount of Cp*2Sm(thf)2 under ambient conditions to form 1,3- diol monoestcrs in good yields. For example, the reaction of acetoaldehyde catalyzed by Cp*2Sm(thf)2 gave 4-acetoxy-2-butanol (2a) and 3-acetoxy-1- butanol (3a) in 86% yield.
Self-Condensation of n-Butyraldehyde over Solid Base Catalysts
Tsuji, Hideto,Yagi, Fuyuki,Hattori, Hideshi,Kita, Hideaki
, p. 759 - 770 (2007/10/02)
The catalytic properties of various solid bases for self-condensation of n-butyraldehyde in liquid phase were studied to elucidation the factors governing the activity and selectivity.For alkaline earth oxide catalysts and γ-alumina catalyst, aldol condensation ocurred, followed by Tishchenko-type cross-esterification of n-butyraldehyde with the dimer produced by the aldol condensation to form trimeric glycol ester.Alkali ion-modified alumina catalysts exhibited a high selectivity for the aldol condensation dimer, the trimeric glycol ester being formed little.Both basic and acidic sites on the surfaces of the alkaline earth oxides and γ-alumina were assumed to contribute to Tishchenko-type cross-esterification.The suppression of Tischenko-type cross-esterification.The suppression of Tischenko-type cross-esterification for alkali ion-modified alumina catalysts is due to the absence of acidic sites on the surfaces.The catalytic performances of alumina-supported magnesium oxide exhibited lower activity but higher selectivity to trimeric glycol ester than MgO.This catalytic feature was caused by the lower basicity and higher acidity on the surface of alumina-supported magnesium oxide as compared with MgO.The activity of alkali ion-exchanged zeolites was lowest among the catalysts examined in this study.The modification of zeolites with excess alkali ions improved the activity.
INFLUENCE OF TETRABUTOXYTITANIUM ON THE OXIDATION OF ORGANOALUMINIUM PEROXIDES
Dodonov, V. A.,Stepovik, L. P.,Sofronova, S. M.,Pozhilova, O. V.
, p. 1246 - 1251 (2007/10/02)
The introduction of tetrabutoxytitanium lowers the yield of carbonyl compounds in the decomposition of an organoaluminium peroxide and also in the decomposition of alcohols by the tri-tert-butoxyaluminium - tert-butyl hydroperoxide system.The titanium alkoxide is then oxidized by the organoaluminium peroxides or the hydroperoxide to butyraldehyde.In presence of Ti(OBu)4 the extent of the intermolecular oxidation of ethoxydiethylaluminium by organoaluminium peroxides is increased by 20-30percent.
Lithium Tungsten Dioxide Promoted Claisen-Tishchenko Condensation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldehydes
Villacorta, Gilberto M.,Filippo, Joseph San
, p. 1151 - 1154 (2007/10/02)
Lithium tungsten dioxide, LiWO2, has been shown to be a useful catalyst for effecting the Claisen-Tishchenko condensation of aldehydes under heterogeneous conditions.
SELECTIVE TRIMERIZATION OF ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDES CATALYZED BY POLYNUCLEAR CARBONYLFERRATES
Ito, Keiji,Kamiyama, Nobuhiro,Nakanishi, Saburo,Otsuji, Yoshio
, p. 657 - 660 (2007/10/02)
Aliphatic aldehydes undergo a catalytic trimerization to give 1,3-diol monoesters upon treatment with Fe3(CO)12 in pyridine or with Fe3(CO)12-pyridine N-oxide in benzene.Polynuclear carbonylferrates serve as catalyst for this transformation.
