19144-06-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Acid-labile ester monomer having spirocyclic structure, polymer, resist composition, and patterning process
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Page/Page column 76; 79, (2014/08/06)
An acid-labile ester monomer of spirocyclic structure has formula (1) wherein Z is a monovalent group having a polymerizable double bond, X is a divalent group which forms a cyclopentane, cyclohexane or norbornane ring, R2 is H or monovalent hydrocarbon, R3 and R4 are H or monovalent hydrocarbon, or R3 and R4, taken together, stand for a divalent group which forms a cyclopentane or cyclohexane ring, and n is 1 or 2. A polymer obtained from the acid-labile ester monomer has so high reactivity in acid-catalyzed elimination reaction that the polymer may be used to formulate a resist composition having high resolution.
Pseudohelical and helical primary structures of 1,2-spiroannelated four- and five-membered rings: Syntheses and chiroptical properties
Widjaja, Tien,Fitjer, Lutz,Pal, Aritra,Schmidt, Hans-Georg,Noltemeyer, Mathias,Diedrich, Christian,Grimme, Stefan
, p. 9264 - 9277 (2008/03/14)
(Chemical Equation Presented) The pseudohelical hydrocarbons (R)-6, (S)-7, and (R)-8 and the helical hydrocarbon (P)-9, formally derived from the helical hydrocarbon (P)-4 by stepwise replacement of each of the four-membered rings by a five-membered ring,
One-step Spiroannulation Using 1,2-Bis(methylene)cycloalkane-Magnesium Reagents
Rieke, Reuben D.,Xiong, Heping
, p. 6560 - 6565 (2007/10/02)
A one-step method for the synthesis of a wide variety of spirocyclic systems has been developed based on the reactions of bis-electrophiles with a series of new 1,3-diene-magnesium reagents, the magnesium complexes of 1,2-bis(methylene)cycloalkanes.The direct metalation of 1,2-bis(methylene)cycloalkanes with highly reactive magnesium in THF at ambient temperatures generates the corresponding diene-magnesium reagents in high yields.Reactions of the diene-magnesium reagents with 1,n-dibromoalkanes produce a large number of spirocarbocycles containing an exocyclic double bond.The ring sizes of the accessible spiro compounds can be any combinations of four- to seven-membered rings.In most cases, the initially alkylated intermediates can be trapped by protonation, giving the corresponding bromo olefins.Significantly, treatment of the diene-magnesium reagents with bromoalkyl nitriles leads to a one-step synthesis of keto-functionalized spirocycles.The initial adduct is believed to be a Grignard reagent containing a cyano group.When a bromo nitrile containing a cyclic moiety is used as the bis-electrophile, the approach provides a direct access to dispiroenones.
THE MAGNESIUM COMPLEXES OF 1,2-DIMETHYLENECYCLOALKANES: A NEW METHOD FOR A ONE-STEP SPIROANNELATION
Xiong, Heping,Rieke, Reuben D.
, p. 5269 - 5272 (2007/10/02)
Reactions of new dienemagnesium reagents prepared from highly reactive magnesium and 1,2-dimethylenecycloalkanes with 1,n-dibromoalkanes and bromoalkylnitriles provide a one-step method for the synthesis of commonly encountered spirocyclic systems.
