19221-80-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
MOLECULAR WEIGHT CONTROLLING AGENT FOR RADICAL POLYMERIZATION, METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYMER USING SAME, AND POLYMER
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Paragraph 0137-0138, (2021/03/13)
The present invention's purpose is to provide: a molecular-weight controlling agent for radical polymerization which enables controlled radical polymerization of a water-soluble monomer in an aqueous medium; a method for producing a polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer using the same; and a water-soluble vinyl monomer polymer. The present invention provides a molecular-weight controlling agent for radical polymerization characterized in that the agent comprises, as its active ingredient, an iodine compound represented by formula (1) and in that the solubility of the active ingredient in water is 0.5 weight % or more at 20° C. In the formula, R1 is —COOX, —CONR4R5, an aromatic group or a cyano group, X is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an organic ammonium or an ammonium, and R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an aromatic group or an aliphatic group.
Photoiodocarboxylation of Activated C=C Double Bonds with CO2 and Lithium Iodide
Mello, Rossella,Arango-Daza, Juan Camilo,Varea, Teresa,González-Nú?ez, María Elena
, p. 13381 - 13394 (2018/11/20)
The photolysis at 254 nm of lithium iodide and olefins 1 carrying an electron-withdrawing Z-substituent in CO2-saturated (1 bar) anhydrous acetonitrile at room temperature produces the atom efficient and transition metal-free photoiodocarboxylation of the C=C double bond. The reaction proceeds well for terminal olefins 1 to form the new C-I and C-C σ-bonds at the α and β-positions of the Z-substituent, respectively, and is strongly inhibited by polar protic solvents or additives. The experimental results suggest that the reaction channels through the radical anion [CO2?-] in acetonitrile, yet involves different intermediates in aqueous medium. The stabilizing ion-quadrupole and electron donor-acceptor interactions of CO2 with the iodide anion play a crucial role in the reaction course as they allow CO2 to penetrate the solvation shell of the anion in acetonitrile, but not in water. The reaction paths and the reactive intermediates involved under different conditions are discussed.
