196402-66-1

Upstream product

• 2065-66-9 methyl-triphenylphosphonium iodide 
• 196193-23-4 4-[(1R)-1,5-dimethylhex-4-enyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one 
• 2385-77-5 (R)-Citronellal 
• 120093-49-4 (3R)-α-methylene-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-al 
• 446018-20-8 (1RS,4RS,1′R)-4-(1′,5′-dimethylhex-4′-enyl)-1-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol 
• 446018-20-8 C₁₅H₂₆O 
• 3790-71-4 (2Z,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-ol 

Downstream Products

• 4176-17-4 (R)-(-)-α-curcumene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Discovery of the aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) through the creation of stereoisomeric libraries of 1-bisabolen-3-ols

We describe a novel and straightforward route to all stereoisomers of 1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol and 10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol via the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric addition of trimethylaluminum to diastereomeric mixtures of cyclohex-2-enones 1 and 2. The detailed stereoisomeric structures of many natural sesquiterpenes with the bisabolane skeleton were previously unknown because of the absence of stereoselective syntheses of individual stereoisomers. Several of the bisabolenols are pheromones of economically important pentatomid bug species. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography of underivatized triol 13 provided unequivocal proof of the relative and absolute configurations. Two of the epoxides, (3S,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol (3) and (3R,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol (4), were identified as the main components of a male-produced aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, using GC analyses on enantioselective columns. Both compounds attracted female, male, and nymphal H. halys in field trials. Moreover, mixtures of stereoisomers containing epoxides 3 and 4 were also attractive to H. halys, signifying that the presence of additional stereoisomers did not hinder attraction of H. halys and relatively inexpensive mixtures can be used in monitoring, as well as control strategies. H. halys is a polyphagous invasive species in the U.S. and Europe that causes severe injury to fruit, vegetables, and field crops and is also a serious nuisance pest.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS TO ATTRACT THE BROWN MARMORATED STINK BUG (BMSB), HALYOMORPHA HALYS

A composition (useful for attracting Halyomorpha halys) containing (3R,6R,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3R,6R,7R,10R)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3S,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3S,6S,7R,10R)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, and optionally a carrier material or carrier. The composition may also contain (3R,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3R,6S,7R,10R)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3S,6R,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, (3S,6R,7R,10R)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol where the composition contains a 3:1 ratio of cis-epoxybisabolenols : trans-epoxybisabolenols produced from (R)-citronellal. These compositions were based on the newly discovered aggregation pheromone components: (3S,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol and (3R,6S,7R,10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol. The composition may also contain methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-decatrieonate. Also a method for attracting Halyomorpha halys to an object or area, involving treating said object or area with a Halyomorpha halys attracting composition containing a Halyomorpha halys attracting effective amount of the composition.

Sesquiterpene synthases Cop4 and Cop6 from Coprinus cinereus: Catalytic promiscuity and cyclization of farnesyl pyrophosphate geometric isomers

Sesquiterpene synthases catalyze with different catalytic fidelity the cyclization of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) into hundreds of known compounds with diverse structures and stereochemistries. Two sesquiterpene synthases, Cop4 and Cop6, were previously isolated from Coprinus cinereus as part of a fungal genome survey. This study investigates the reaction mechanism and catalytic fidelity of the two enzymes. Cyclization of all-trans-FPP ((E,E)-FPP) was compared to the cyclization of the cis-trans isomer of FPP ((Z,E)-FPP) as a surrogate for the secondary cisoid neryl cation intermediate generated by sesquiterpene synthases, which are capable of isomerizing the C2-C3 π bond of all-trans-FPP. Cop6 is a "high-fidelity" α-cuprenene synthase that retains its fidelity under various conditions tested. Cop4 is a catalytically promiscuous enzyme that cyclizes (E,E)-FPP into multiple products, including (-)-germacrene D and cubebol. Changing the pH of the reaction drastically alters the fidelity of Cop4 and makes it a highly selective enzyme. Cyclization of (Z,E)-FPP by Cop4 and Cop6 yields products that are very different from those obtained with (E,E)-FPP. Conversion of (E,E)-FPP proceeds via a (6R)-β-bisabolyl carbocation in the case of Cop6 and an (E,E)-germacradienyl carbocation in the case of Cop4. However, (Z,E)-FPP is cyclized via a (6S)-β-bisabolene carbocation by both enzymes. Structural modeling suggests that differences in the active site and the loop that covers the active site of the two enzymes might explain their different catalytic fidelities.

Enantiospecific total synthesis of (+)-laevigatin

The first enantiospecific, total synthesis of (+)-laevigatin from (+)-citronellal is described.