22493-93-2Relevant articles and documents
ZnMe2-Mediated, Direct Alkylation of Electron-Deficient N-Heteroarenes with 1,1-Diborylalkanes: Scope and Mechanism
Jo, Woohyun,Baek, Seung-Yeol,Hwang, Chiwon,Heo, Joon,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Cho, Seung Hwan
supporting information, p. 13235 - 13245 (2020/09/01)
The regioselective, direct alkylation of electron-deficient N-heteroarenes is, in principle, a powerful and efficient way of accessing alkylated N-heteroarenes that are important core structures of many biologically active compounds and pharmaceutical agents. Herein, we report a ZnMe2-promoted, direct C2- or C4-selective primary and secondary alkylation of pyridines and quinolines using 1,1-diborylalkanes as alkylation sources. While substituted pyridines and quinolines exclusively afford C2-alkylated products, simple pyridine delivers C4-alkylated pyridine with excellent regioselectivity. The reaction scope is remarkably broad, and a range of C2- or C4-alkylated electron-deficient N-heteroarenes are obtained in good yields. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies imply that ZnMe2 serves not only as an activator of 1,1-diborylalkanes to generate (α-borylalkyl)methylalkoxy zincate, which acts as a Lewis acid to bind to the nitrogen atom of the heterocycles and controls the regioselectivity, but also as an oxidant for rearomatizing the dihydro-N-heteroarene intermediates to release the product.
A rhodium-catalyzed route for oxidative coupling and cyclization of 2-aminobenzyl alcohol with ketones leading to quinolines
Cho, Chan Sik,Seok, Hyo Jin,Shim, Sang Chul
, p. 1219 - 1222 (2007/10/03)
2-Aminobenzyl alcohol undergoes oxidative cyclization with aryl(alkyl), alkyl(alkyl) and cyclic ketones in dioxane at 80° in the presence of a catalytic amount of RhCl(PPh3)3 along with KOH to afford the corresponding quinolines in good yields. The catalytic pathway seems to be proceeded via a sequence involving initial oxidation of 2-aminobenzyl alcohol to 2-aminobenzaldehyde by a rhodium catalyst, cross aldol reaction between 2-aminobenzaldehyde and ketones, and cyclodehydration.
REACTIONS OF TRIALKYL(2- or 4-QUINOLYL)BORATES
Ishikura, Minoru,Oda, Izumi,Kamada, Machiko,Terashima, Masanao
, p. 959 - 968 (2007/10/02)
Reactions of trialkyl(2-quinolyl)borates and trialkyl(4-quinolyl)borates were investigated.