22801-37-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A retro-inverso TAT-like peptide designed to deliver cysteamine to cells
Lim, Jongdoo,Pellois, Jean-Philippe,Simanek, Eric E.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 6321 - 6323 (2010/12/18)
A retro-inverso, TAT-like peptide wherein lysine residues are replaced with cysteine residues bearing a disulfide-linked cysteamine group is found to engage in thiol-disulfide exchange with cysteine. These peptides are transported into cells and localize to lysosomes. Cellular uptake is enhanced in peptides bearing two cysteamine groups over those with one or none, by factors of approximately 1.5 and 12, respectively.
A kinetic approach to characterize the electrostatic environments of thiol groups in proteins
Zhang, Hao,Le, Min,Means, Gary E.
, p. 356 - 364 (2007/10/03)
In this study, we synthesized a zwitterionic DTNB derivative, 5-(2- aminoethyl)-dithio-2-nitrobenzoate (ADNB), and characterized its reactions with several cationic, anionic, and neutral thiols. Reactions with ADNB, unlike those with DTNB, are relatively insensitive to electrostatic environments and ionic strengths. At relatively low ionic strength, rate ratios, k(ADNB)/k(DTNB), varied from 0.22 for reactions with low-molecular- weight cationic thiols to 3.0 for those with low-molecular-weight anionic thiols. A k(ADNB)/k(DTNB) ratio of ~200 for Cys-34 of BSA appears to reflect a very anionic environment. k(ADNB)/k(DTNB) ratios of ~6 and ~1, respectively, for canine and equine serum albumins, which have Glu-82 → Asp and Glu-82 → Ala substitutions suggest Glu-82 is the most important anionic residues affecting the reactivity of Cys-34 in BSA. k(ADNB)/k(DTNB) ratios appear to be useful for characterizing electrostatic environments of thiol groups in proteins.
