23795-37-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Green chemistry approaches to the Knoevenagel condensation: Comparison of ethanol, water and solvent free (dry grind) approaches
McCluskey, Adam,Robinson, Philip J.,Hill, Tim,Scott, Janet L.,Edwards, J.Kate
, p. 3117 - 3120 (2002)
We report a comparative study of the Knoevenagel condensation with a variety of substituted benzaldehydes (17 examples) and cyanoamides (3 examples), using three different methodologies: (a) traditional ethanol reflux; (b) water reflux; and (c) solvent fr
Small molecule inhibitors of dynamin I GTPase activity: Development of dimeric tyrphostins
Hill, Timothy,Odell, Luke R.,Edwards, Jennifer K.,Graham, Mark E.,McGeachie, Andrew B.,Rusak, Jenny,Quan, Annie,Abagyan, Ruben,Scott, Janet L.,Robinson, Phillip J.,McCluskey, Adam
, p. 7781 - 7788 (2007/10/03)
Dynamin I is a GTPase enzyme required for endocytosis and is an excellent target for the design of potential endocytosis inhibitors. Screening of a library of tyrphostins, in our laboratory, against the GTPase activity of dynamin I gave rise to a ìèpotent lead, 2-cyano-3-(3,4- dihydroxyphenyl)thioacrylamide (1, IC50 70 μM). Our initial investigations suggested that only the dimeric form of 1 displayed dynamin I GTPase inhibitory activity. Subsequent synthetic iterations were based on dimeric analogues and afforded a number of small molecules, low μM potent, inhibitors of dynamin I GTPase, in particular, symmetrical analogues with a minimum of two free phenolic -OHs: catechol-acrylamide (9) (IC50 = 5.1 ± 0.6 μM), its 3,4,5-trihydroxy congener (10) (IC50 = 1.7 ± 0.2 μM), and the corresponding 3-methyl ether (11) (IC 50 = 9 ± 3 μM). Increasing the length of the central alkyl spacer from ethyl to propyl (22-24) afforded essentially identical activity with IC50's of 1.7 ± 0.2, 1.7 ± 0.2, and 5 ± 1 μM, respectively. No decrease in activity was noted until the introduction of a hexyl spacer. Our studies highlight the requirement for two free amido NHs with neither the mono-N-methyl (86) nor the bis-N-methyl (87) analogues inhibiting dynamin I GTPase. A similar effect was noted for the removal of the nitrile moieties. However, modest potency was observed with the corresponding ester analogues of 9-11: ethyl ester (90), propyl ester (91), and butyl ester (92), with IC50's of 42 ± 3, 38 ± 2, and 61 ± 2 μM, respectively. Our studies reveal the most potent and promising dynamin I GTPase inhibitor in this series as (22), which is also known as BisT.
