2399-73-7Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of ammonium and imidazolium ionic liquids against T98G brain cancer cells
Kaushik, Nagendra Kumar,Attri, Pankaj,Kaushik, Neha,Choi, Eun Ha
, p. 13727 - 13739 (2012)
Four ammonium and imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized and screened against the T98G cell line (brain cancer) and HEK normal cells. Treatment induced metabolic cell death (MTT), growth inhibition, clonogenic inhibition were studied as cellular response parameters. Treatment with ILs enhanced growth inhibition and cell death in a concentration dependent manner in both the T98G and HEK cell lines. At higher concentrations (>0.09 mg/mL) the cytotoxic effects of the ILs were highly significant. An inhibitory effect on clonogenic capacity was also observed after cell treatment. Amongst all ILs IL 4 (BMIMCl) exhibited potent activity against T98G brain cancer cells. Despite potent in-vitro activity, all ILs exhibited less cytotoxicity against the normal human HEK cells at all effective concentrations.
Inexpensive ionic liquids: [HSO4]--based solvent production at bulk scale
Chen, Long,Sharifzadeh, Mahdi,Mac Dowell, Niall,Welton, Tom,Shah, Nilay,Hallett, Jason P.
, p. 3098 - 3106 (2014)
Through more than two decades' intensive research, ionic liquids (ILs) have exhibited significant potential in various areas of research at laboratory scales. This suggests that ILs-based industrial process development will attract increasing attention in the future. However, there is one core issue that stands in the way of commercialisation: the high cost of most laboratory-synthesized ILs will limit application to small-scale, specialized processes. In this work, we evaluate the economic feasibility of two ILs synthesized via acid-base neutralization using two scenarios for each: conventional and intensification processing. Based upon our initial models, we determined the cost price of each IL and compared the energy requirements of each process option. The cost prices of triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate and 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate are estimated as $1.24 kg -1 and $2.96-5.88 kg-1, respectively. This compares favourably with organic solvents such as acetone or ethyl acetate, which sell for $1.30-$1.40 kg-1. Moreover, the raw materials contribute the overwhelming majority of this cost and the intensified process using a compact plate reactor is more economical due to lower energy requirements. These results indicate that ionic liquids are not necessarily expensive, and therefore large-scale IL-based processes can become a commercial reality. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
Lignin oxidation and depolymerisation in ionic liquids
Prado,Brandt,Erdocia,Hallet,Welton,Labidi
, p. 834 - 841 (2016)
The depolymerisation of lignin directly in the black liquor was studied, comparing two ionic liquids as extracting solvents (butylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate and triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate), under oxidising conditions. H2O2
Triethylammonium-based protic ionic liquids with sulfonic acids: Phase behavior and electrochemistry
Shmukler,Gruzdev,Kudryakova,Fadeeva, Yu A.,Kolker,Safonova
, p. 139 - 146 (2018/06/26)
Six triethylammonium-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) and two molten salts were synthesized via a proton transfer reaction from sulfonic acid to triethylamine (TEA). The PILs were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H/15N NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. The phase behavior of the PILs was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The temperature dependences of the PILs electrical conductivity, viscosity, and electrochemical stability window (ECW) were studied. The highest electrical conductivity and ECW values are registered in triethylammonium triflate. The thermal and electrochemical characteristics of the salts obtained in this work have been analyzed in comparison with the literature data by the properties of triethylammonium-based salts with sulfonic acids.
Rapid pretreatment of: Miscanthus using the low-cost ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate at elevated temperatures
Gschwend, Florence J. V.,Malaret, Francisco,Shinde, Somnath,Brandt-Talbot, Agnieszka,Hallett, Jason P.
, p. 3486 - 3498 (2018/08/07)
Deconstruction with low-cost ionic liquids (ionoSolv) is a promising method to pre-condition lignocellulosic biomass for the production of renewable fuels, materials and chemicals. This study investigated process intensification strategies for ionoSolv pretreatment of Miscanthus × giganteus with the low-cost ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([TEA][HSO4]) in the presence of 20 wt% water, using high temperatures and a high solid to solvent loading of 1:5 g/g. The temperatures investigated were 150, 160, 170 and 180 °C. We discuss the effect of pretreatment temperature on lignin and hemicellulose removal, cellulose degradation and enzymatic saccharification yields. We report that very good fractionation can be achieved across all investigated temperatures, including an enzymatic saccharification yield exceeding 75% of the theoretical maximum after only 15 min of treatment at 180 °C. We further characterised the recovered lignins, which established some tunability of the hydroxyl group content, subunit composition, connectivity and molecular weight distribution in the isolated lignin while maintaining maximum saccharification yield. This drastic reduction of pretreatment time at increased biomass loading without a yield penalty is promising for the development of a commercial ionoSolv pretreatment process.