2423-84-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Photographic Industry:
Pyrazine-N,N'-dioxide is used as a photographic sensitizer for enhancing the light sensitivity of photographic films and papers, improving the quality and efficiency of the photographic process.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Pyrazine-N,N'-dioxide serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals, contributing to the development of new drugs and therapeutic agents.
Used in Dye and Pigment Production:
This chemical compound is utilized as an intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments, playing a crucial role in the creation of a wide range of colorants used in various industries, including textiles, plastics, and printing inks.
Used in Organic Compound Synthesis:
Pyrazine-N,N'-dioxide is employed as a building block in the synthesis of other organic compounds, facilitating the development of novel chemical entities for diverse applications in research and industry.

Upstream product

• 290-37-9 1,4-pyrazine 

Downstream Products

• 98-96-4 pyrazinamide 
• 6277-35-6 N-methylpyrazinium iodide 
• 4858-85-9 2,3-dichloropyrazine 
• 4774-14-5 2,6-dichloropyrazine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Hybrid organic-inorganic connectivity of NdIII(pyrazine-: N, N ′-dioxide)[CoIII(CN)6]3- coordination chains for creating near-infrared emissive Nd(iii) showing field-induced slow magnetic relaxation

A near-infrared emissive and magnetically anisotropic Nd(iii) complex is formed within a hybrid organic-inorganic {[NdIII(pzdo)(H2O)4][CoIII(CN)6]}·0.5(pzdo)·4H2O (1) (pzdo = pyrazine-N,N′-dioxide) ladder chain built of coexisting Nd-pzdo-Nd and Nd-NC-Co molecular bridges. 1 reveals two NdIII-centered properties, a field-induced slow magnetic relaxation of a single-ion origin with a thermal energy barrier of ΔE/kB = 51(2) K at Hdc = 1 kOe, and a near-infrared fluorescence sensitized by organic and inorganic linkers.

Synthesis of N,N-Dioxopyridazines

Despite many efforts, one of the smallest heterocycles containing two nitrogen atoms, pyridazine, could not be converted to its N,N-dioxide (see, however, Nakadate et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1970, 18, 1211-1218). HOF·CH3CN, made easily from diluted fluorine, was able to accomplish this task in a fast reaction with good yields.

Oxidation methods for aromatic diazines: Substituted pyrazine-N-oxides, pyrazine-N,N′-dioxides, and 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine-1,1″-dioxide

In the course of investigations into the intermolecular interactions of azaaromatic N-oxides it was necessary to perform oxidations of the pyridine and pyrazine moieties. Generally, it was found that direct oxidation with OXONE gave efficient preparation of pyrazine dioxides. Oxidation with dimethyldioxirane was used to preclude problems associated with the isolation of particularly hydrophilic pyrazine and pyrazine-N-oxides.

Thermochemical and Theoretical Study of Some Quinoxaline 1,4-Dioxides and of Pyrazine 1,4-Dioxide

The following standard molar enthalpies of formation in the gaseous state at 298.15 K were determined from the enthalpies of combustion of the crystalline solids, and their enthalpies of sublimation and the mean (N-O) bond dissociation enthalpies were derived. ΔfHm0(g); 〈D(N-O)〉 (kJ mol-1): quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, 227.1 ± 2.4; 255.8 ± 2.0; 2-methylquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, 169.9 ± 7.2; 268.3 ± 4.9; 2-methyl-3-acetylquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, 33.1 ± 5.0; 251.6 ± 4.2; 2-phenyl-3-benzoylquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, 355.2 ± 7.1; 227.3 ± 5.4; 2-methyl-3-carbomethoxyquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, -148.7 ± 3.2; 242.3 ± 3.9; pyrazine 1,4-dioxide, 186.5 ± 1.9; 254.0 ± 2.3; 2-methyl-5-pyrazinecarboxylic acid, -213.6 ± 1.7. Unconstrained geometry optimizations by ab initio calculations showed the effect of steric hindrance on changes in extended delocalizations and were in accord with the trends in the mean bond dissociation enthalpies.