24794-44-3Relevant articles and documents
Energetic Metal and Nitrogen-Rich Salts of the Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Analogue Pentaerythritol Tetranitrocarbamate
Klap?tke, Thomas M.,Krumm, Burkhard,Unger, Cornelia C.
, p. 2881 - 2887 (2019)
The tetravalent pentaerythritol tetranitrocarbamate (PETNC) is deprotonated by nitrogen-rich, alkaline, alkaline earth metal, and silver bases to form the corresponding salts. Thorough analysis and characterization by multinuclear NMR, vibrational spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermoanalytical techniques, and single crystal X-ray diffraction was performed. Furthermore, the energies of formation for the nitrogen-rich salts were calculated utilizing the Gaussian program package. The detonation performances were calculated with the Explo5 (V6.03) computer code, and the sensitivities toward impact and friction were determined and compared to the neutral PETNC and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Ecotoxicological studies of the ammonium and guanidinium salt using Vibrio fischeri bacteria complete this study.
Zinc monoglycerolate as a catalyst for the conversion of 1,3- and higher diols to diurethanes
Kulasegaram, Sanjitha,Shaheen, Uzma,Turney, Terence W.,Gates, Will P.,Patti, Antonio F.
, p. 47809 - 47812 (2015/06/16)
A green methodology exploring the scope of diurethane synthesis from diols and urea in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst is described. Past reactions of diurethanes have relied heavily on environmentally corrosive reagents such as phosgene. Prior to this work, we have utilized metal glycerolates as homogeneous catalysts in the glycerolysis of urea. Here we explore the synthetic scope of this system with a variety of diols. The conversion to diurethanes is proposed to proceed via an intermediate zinc bound isocyanate ligand, which rearranges to form the terminal urethane in the case of 1,3- and higher diols in good selectivity and yields. With butane 1,2,4-triol the selectivity is exclusively for the 5-membered carbonate, suggesting that the proximity of the second hydroxyl group is critical in forming the ring.