2549-60-2

Upstream product

• 142438-55-9 3,12-dimethyl-7,8,15,16-tetraoxodispiro<5.2.5.2>hexadecane 
• 591-24-2 3-Methylcyclohexanone 

Downstream Products

• 855753-60-5 methyl 3-methylcyclohexylacetate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Hydrogen borrowing catalysis using 1° and 2° alcohols: Investigation and scope leading to α and β branched products

The alkylation of a variety of ketones using 1° or 2° alcohols under hydrogen borrowing catalysis is described. Initial research focused on the α-alkylation of cyclopropyl ketones with higher 1° alcohols (i.e. larger than MeOH), leading to the formation of α-branched products. Our search for additional substrates with which to explore this chemistry led us to discover that di-ortho-substituted aryl ketones were also privileged scaffolds, with Ph? (C6Me5) ketones being the optimal choice. Further investigations revealed that this motif was crucial for alkylation with 2° alcohols forming β-branched products, which also provided an opportunity to study diastereoselective and intramolecular hydrogen borrowing processes.

Preparation method of 11- andrographolide compound and caprolactone compound (by machine translation)

To the method, cyclohexenone spiro-11 - peroxide is used as a raw material, a protic acid is used as a catalyst, fluorine alcohol is used as a solvent, and the reaction temperature is in a range of from 25 °C~60 °C about. The method has the advantages of high yield, low cost, convenience in operation, mild reaction conditions and the like, and is convenient for industrial application. (by machine translation)

Hydrogen Borrowing Catalysis with Secondary Alcohols: A New Route for the Generation of β-Branched Carbonyl Compounds

A hydrogen borrowing reaction employing secondary alcohols and Ph? (Me5C6) ketones to give β-branched carbonyl products is described (21 examples). This new C-C bond forming process requires low loadings of [Cp?IrCl2]2, relatively low temperatures, and up to 2.0 equiv of the secondary alcohol. Substrate-induced diastereoselectivity was observed, and this represents the first example of a diastereoselective enolate hydrogen borrowing alkylation. By utilizing the Ph? group, the β-branched products could be straightforwardly cleaved to the corresponding esters or amides using a retro-Friedel-Crafts reaction. Finally, this protocol was applied to the synthesis of fragrance compound (±)-3-methyl-5-phenylpentanol.

Copper Tetrasulfophthalocyanine Intercalated Hydrotalcite as an Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for the Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation

Abstract: A heterogeneous bifunctional hybrid catalyst originated from copper tetrasulfophthalocyanine (CuPcTs) and hydrotalcite for Baeyer–Villiger (B-V) oxidation has been prepared and characterized. XRD, FTIR, DR UV-Vis and SEM characterization indicate that CuPcTs molecule has been successfully intercalated into the layer of ZnAl hydrotalcite. And the synthesized hybrid exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the B-V oxidation for various ketones under mild conditions. Its bifunctional role in the reaction through O2/benzaldehyde has been discussed and verified by controlled experiments. The study indicates that the designed catalyst not only catalyzes the oxidation of benzaldehyde to perbenzoic acid, but also accelerates the transformation of ketone to lactone or ester. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Oxoiron(iv)-mediated Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanones generated by dioxygen with co-oxidation of aldehydes

In this communication we describe detailed mechanistic studies on the [FeII(CH3CN)(N4Py)(ClO4)]ClO4-catalyzed (N4Py = N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N-bis(2-pyridyl)methyl-amine) Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanones by dioxygen with cooxidation of various aldehydes, including the kinetics of the formation and the reactivity of the trapped and spectroscopically characterized oxoiron(iv) intermediate.

Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed synthesis of polyesters: Starting from ketones via a tandem BVO/ROP process

A novel enzymatic tandem procedure for the synthesis of substituted polyesters starting from ketones has been developed. Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) was used as a catalyst for the whole procedure consisting of the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation (BVO) o

Functional divergence between closely related Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases from Aspergillus flavus

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) catalyse the chemo-, regio- and enantioselective oxidation of ketones to esters and lactones. To date, most of the cloned BVMOs available are derived from bacteria, although Baeyer-Villiger oxidations using fungi have frequently been demonstrated. Here we report the cloning and characterization of four BVMOs from the fungus Aspergillus flavus NRRL3357. Phylogenetic analysis shows these four BVMOs to cluster in a distinct group apart from other well-characterized BVMOs including cyclohexanone, phenylacetone and 4-hydroxyacetophenone monooxygenase. Building on the Grogan classification/clustering of BVMOs, we have designated this new group of BVMOs, Group VI. Group VI BVMOs show an early divergence from the cyclopentanone monooxygenase (CPMO) type BVMOs (Group I). Substrate profiling using cyclic, bicyclic, aliphatic and aryl ketones show a clear divergence in function and specificity not only between this new group of BVMOs and the CPMO-type BVMOs, but also between the four A. flavus BVMO paralogues despite their high sequence similarity. This study not only contributes to the growing number of available BVMOs, but also addresses the current classification of Type I BVMOs, and the usefulness of phylogenetic clustering and prediction of function and selectivity when genome-mining is used to search for new biocatalysts.

Lactones 34 [1]. Application of alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver (HLADH) in enantioselective synthesis of δ- and ε-lactones

The ability of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) to the enantioselective oxidation of primary-primary, primary-secondary and primary-tertiary aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-diols 1a-i was studied. No enantioselectivity of the transformations of primary-primary 1,6-diols 1a-d to ε-lactones 4a-d was observed. Regioselective oxidation of primary-secondary 1,6-diols 1e,f and 1,5-diols 1h,i afforded enantiomerically enriched ε-lactones 4e,f and δ-lactones 4h,i. ε-Lactones 4e,f were formed with higher enantiomeric excesses (e.e. = 85-99%). Enzymatic oxidation of primary-tertiary 1,6-diol 1g did not give lactone product.

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones using Fe containing MCM-48 cubic mesoporous materials

Iron containing cubic mesoporous MCM-48 materials were prepared by a modified St?ber synthesis method. These materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen isotherms, diffuse-reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. These materials exhibited high catalytic activity towards the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones using benzaldehyde and molecular oxygen. The Fe-MCM-48 mesoporous materials showed excellent recyclability and the integrity of the cubic phase was preserved after the catalytic activity.

Crystal structures of cyclohexanone monooxygenase reveal complex domain movements and a sliding cofactor

Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) is a flavoprotein that carries out the archetypical Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of a variety of cyclic ketones into lactones. Using NADPH and O2 as cosubstrates, the enzyme inserts one atom of oxygen into the substrate in a complex catalytic mechanism that involves the formation of a flavin-peroxide and Criegee intermediate. We present here the atomic structures of CHMO from an environmental Rhodococcus strain bound with FAD and NADP+ in two distinct states, to resolutions of 2.3 and 2.2 A. The two conformations reveal domain shifts around multiple linkers and loop movements, involving conserved arginine 329 and tryptophan 492, which effect a translation of the nicotinamide resulting in a sliding cofactor. Consequently, the cofactor is ideally situated and subsequently repositioned during the catalytic cycle to first reduce the flavin and later stabilize formation of the Criegee intermediate. Concurrent movements of a loop adjacent to the active site demonstrate how this protein can effect large changes in the size and shape of the substrate binding pocket to accommodate a diverse range of substrates. Finally, the previously identified BVMO signature sequence is highlighted for its role in coordinating domain movements. Taken together, these structures provide mechanistic insights into CHMO-catalyzed Baeyer-Villiger oxidation.