591-24-2Relevant articles and documents
Radical anion ring opening reactions via photochemically induced electron transfer
Cossy,Aclinou,Bellosta,Furet,Baranne-Lafont,Sparfel,Souchaud
, p. 1315 - 1316 (1991)
Ketyl radical anions can induce the opening of adjacent strained ring such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, epoxide and 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hepane.
Stereocontrol with lithium trimethylzincate toward gibberellin synthesis
Isobe, Minoru,Chiang, Ching-Te,Tsao, Kuo-Wei,Cheng, Chia-Yi,Bruening, Reimar
, p. 2109 - 2113 (2012)
Substrate control in target-oriented synthesis is generally important in establishing the required stereogenic center rather than reagent control. During the course of the total synthesis toward Gibberellin A3 (1), a model compound (21) as the A-ring of 1 was accomplished in five overall steps with an overall yield of 15 %, starting from furfural through conjugate addition of lithium trimethylzincate to oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptadienedicarboxylic ester (2) as the key step. Relative to more common lithium dimethylcuprate or aluminum reagents, this zincate complex showed a complete selectivity with higher reactivity than with other simple enone compounds. The incoming methyl group was 100 % selective from the ring oxygen side of 2, and the enolate intermediate can be protonated stereoselectivly without the bridge-oxygen-ring opening.
Synthesis of Chiral Amines via a Bi-Enzymatic Cascade Using an Ene-Reductase and Amine Dehydrogenase
Fossey-Jouenne, Aurélie,Jongkind, Ewald P. J.,Mayol, Ombeline,Paul, Caroline E.,Vergne-Vaxelaire, Carine,Zaparucha, Anne
, (2021/12/23)
Access to chiral amines with more than one stereocentre remains challenging, although an increasing number of methods are emerging. Here we developed a proof-of-concept bi-enzymatic cascade, consisting of an ene reductase and amine dehydrogenase (AmDH), to afford chiral diastereomerically enriched amines in one pot. The asymmetric reduction of unsaturated ketones and aldehydes by ene reductases from the Old Yellow Enzyme family (OYE) was adapted to reaction conditions for the reductive amination by amine dehydrogenases. By studying the substrate profiles of both reported biocatalysts, thirteen unsaturated carbonyl substrates were assayed against the best duo OYE/AmDH. Low (5 %) to high (97 %) conversion rates were obtained with enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess of up to 99 %. We expect our established bi-enzymatic cascade to allow access to chiral amines with both high enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess from varying alkene substrates depending on the combination of enzymes.
Selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone over Pd nanoparticles encaged hollow mesoporous silica catalytic nanoreactors
Li, Kaijie,Wang, Junyou,Yang, Caoping,Zhou, Shenghu
, (2020/12/25)
Pd nanoparticles (NPs) encaged hollow mesoporous silica nanoreactors (Pd?HMSNs) are prepared for hydrogenations of phenol, cresols and chlorophenols to cyclohexanone derivatives. Pd?HMSNs feature ~ 4 nm Pd NPs in ~ 16 nm hollow cavities of ~ 30 nm HMSNs. Such Pd?HMSNs are highly thermally and catalytically stable. At mild reaction conditions, Pd?HMSNs efficiently catalyze hydrogenations of phenol and m-cresol to cyclohexanone derivatives with ≥ 98.3 % selectivity at ≥ 99.0 % conversions. Hydrogenations of o- and m-chlorophenol over Pd?HMSNs give cyclohexanone with ≥ 97.3 % selectivity at 100.0 % conversions, demonstrating a beneficial effect of such HMSNs for consecutive reactions. The confinement of Pd NPs inside hollow cavities of mesoporous nanoreactors greatly promotes collision times of reactant molecules with Pd NPs, resulting in an enhanced catalytic efficiency, while the residence of Pd NPs inside cavities provides a protecting effect for Pd NPs and is beneficial to thermal and catalytic stabilities.