259086-68-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2,4,6-substituted pyrimidine derivatives as BACE-1 inhibitor: Plausible lead for alzheimer’s disease
Jadhav, Hemant R.,Jain, Priti,Wadhwa, Pankaj K.
, p. 1194 - 1206 (2021/12/21)
Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorder afflicting a large mass of population. BACE-1 (β-secretase) is an aspartyl protease of the amyloidogenic pathway considered responsible for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since it catalyzes the rate-limiting step of Aβ-42 production from amyloid precursor protein (APP), its inhibition is considered a viable thera-peutic strategy. We have reported the design of small molecular weight compounds supposed to be blood brain permeable as BACE-1 inhibitors. The clue for the design of this series is drawn from the previously designed series from our research group. Objective: Design and synthesis of 2,4,6-substituted pyrimidine derivatives has been reported. In vitro FRET-based screening of synthesized derivatives was performed to evaluate the BACE-1 inhibition profile. Methods: Based on the docking simulation studies, a library of derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated for BACE-1 inhibition in-vitro. The docking studies were performed on Glide (Schrodinger suite) and Molegro virtual docker. Theoretical toxicity was predicted using Osiris Property Explorer. The synthesized compounds were tested for BACE-1 inhibition using in vitro assay based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer technique. The percent inhibition was cal-culated as a measure of activity. Results: The designed compounds revealed strong interactions with the desired amino acids of BACE-1 active sites. The aromatic rings placed at the fourth and sixth position of the pyrimidine ring occupied S1 and S3 substrate-binding clefts while the amino group formed hydrogen bonding interactions with Asp32 and Asp228. In silico data ensured that the compounds were orally bioavailable and brain permeable. The in vitro testing showed that the compounds inhibited BACE-1 at 10μM concentration. Conclusion: Compounds substituted with m-benzyloxy on one aromatic ring and o,p-di-chloro on another aromatic ring displayed maximum BACE-1 inhibition. Compound 2.13A displayed high docking score and was found to be most potent with IC50 of 6.92μM. The series displayed a good correlation between the docking score and BACE-1 inhibition profile.
Ultrasound-mediated synthesis, biological evaluation, docking and in vivo acute oral toxicity study of novel indolin-2-one coupled pyrimidine derivatives
Nikalje, Anna Pratima G.,Tiwari, Shailee V.,Sangshetti, Jaiprakash N.,Damale, Manoj D.
, p. 3031 - 3059 (2018/02/06)
The work reports ultrasound-mediated greener synthesis of 11 novel 3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-(substituted phenyl/heteryl)pyrimidin-2-ylimino)indolin-2-one (7a–7k) derivatives. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against a panel of selected human cancer cell lines of breast (MCF-7), cervix (HeLa), prostate (PC-3) and lung (A-549). Among the tested compounds, 7b exhibited most promising in vitro anticancer activity against HeLa, PC-3 and A-549 with GI50 value 15.38, 19.67 and 4.37?μM, respectively. The compounds (7a–7k) were also screened for induction of apoptosis and morphological changes in cancer cells at their GI50 concentration. The treatment of HeLa, PC-3 and A549 cancer cells with 7b and treatment of MCF-7 cancer cells with 7h showed apoptosis and morphological changes such as cell shrinkage, cell wall deformation and reduced number of viable cells. The compound 7b has shown almost 5.00 times more selectivity for PC-3 cancer cell lines in comparison to the RWPE-1 normal prostate epithelial cells. Molecular docking study has been carried out, which replicates results of biological activity in cases of initial hits 7b, 7c and 7d, suggesting that these compounds have a potential to become lead molecules in the drug discovery process. In silico ADMET study was performed for predicting pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity profile of the synthesized compounds and expressed good oral drug-like behaviour. An in vivo acute oral toxicity study was performed using Swiss albino mice for the most active compounds 7b and 7c, and results indicate that the compounds are non-toxic in nature.
