274257-37-3Relevant articles and documents
Kinetic study of the reaction of dimethyl carbonate with trialkylamines
Weisshaar, Duane E.,Earl, Gary W.,Villa, Eric M.,Zierke, Jessica L.,Fry, Christopher J.,Becvar, Kara L.,Li, Shik Ki,Schafer, Matthew C.
, p. 221 - 225 (2010)
Quaternary ammonium compounds are produced worldwide in hundreds of millions of pound volume annually for a plethora of end-uses from fabric-care formulations to asphalt emulsifiers, typically from nongreen alkylating reagents. The kinetics of a reaction employing dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a green alkylating agent was investigated using three trialkylamines (tributylamine, trihexylamine, and trioctylamine) at several temperatures. Arrhenius and Eyring analysis of the data showed that values of Ea (79 kJ/mol), ΔH? (75 kJ/mol), and ΔS? (220 J/(mol K)) were the same for all three amine reactants, consistent with a report that Ea is independent of alkyl chain length when the chain length is greater than three carbons. Although rates are significantly slower with DMC than with other alkylating reagents, the resulting methyl carbonate anion has advantages for clean anion metathesis, which is important for some applications, especially those involving ionic liquids.
Synthesis of ammonium-based ionic liquids for the extraction process of a natural pigment (Betanin)
Morales-García, Pedro,Calvillo-Mu?oz, Evelyn Y.,Lijanova, Irina V.,Likhanova, Natalya V.,Olivares-Xometl, Octavio,Arellanes-Lozada, Paulina
, (2021/09/20)
The use of new synthesized ammonium-based ionic liquids was explored as an alternative to the current process implemented in the betanin extraction from red beet juice, resulting in high yields: 70% and 82%. Betanin is a vegetal pigment that has been applied to a large variety of products in the food industry, which is important, for it can work as a substitute for the red synthetic dyes used nowadays. Additionally, the use of the kosmotropic salt sodium acetate was explored in order to separate the complex formed by the ionic liquid and pigment of interest in a process that combined two techniques: ATPS (aqueous two-phase system) and SOES (salting-out extraction system). The results reveal that the studied techniques could work as a novel process for the extraction of betanin from red beet juice employing ionic liquids, which have not been tested for this purpose in other research.
Cyanidosilicates—Synthesis and Structure
Harloff, J?rg,Michalik, Dirk,Nier, Simon,Schulz, Axel,Stoer, Philip,Villinger, Alexander
, p. 5452 - 5456 (2019/03/21)
Starting from fluoridosilicate precursors in neat cyanotrimethylsilane, Me3Si?CN, a series of different ammonium salts [R3NMe]+ (R=Et, nPr, nBu) with the novel [SiF(CN)5]2? and [Si(CN)6]2? dianions was synthesized in facile, temperature controlled F?/CN? exchange reactions. Utilizing decomposable, non-innocent cations, such as [R3NH]+, it was possible to generate metal salts of the type M2[Si(CN)6] (M+=Li+, K+) via neutralization reactions with the corresponding metal hydroxides. The ionic liquid [BMIm]2[Si(CN)6] (m.p.=72 °C, BMIm=1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) was obtained by a salt metathesis reaction. All the synthesized salts could be isolated in good yields and were fully characterized.