27644-32-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
HYDROGENATION PROCESS
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Page/Page column 27-28, (2020/01/24)
A process for the production of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts or hydroxides is disclosed. The process comprises a continuous hydrogenation step, in which an unsaturated heterocyclic amine is reacted with hydrogen to form a saturated heterocyclic amine; a first continuous N-alkylation step, in which the saturated heterocyclic amine is alkylated to produce an intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine having an increased degree of substitution compared to the saturated heterocyclic amine; and one or more further N-alkylation steps in which the intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine is N-alkylated to the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt or hydroxide. A process of producing a saturated heterocyclic amineis also disclosed. The process comprises reacting an unsaturated heterocyclic amine with hydrogen in a vapour phase reaction at a pressure of not more than 70 bar and a temperature in the range of from 150°C to 350°C. A process of N-alkylating a saturated heterocyclic amine is also disclosed. The process comprises N-alkylating the saturated heterocyclic amine in a vapour phase reaction at a temperature of at least 2°C.
