2778-96-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Organic passivation layer on flexible Surlyn substrate for encapsulating organic photovoltaics
Seethamraju, Sindhu,Ramamurthy, Praveen C.,Madras, Giridhar
, (2014)
Barrier materials are required for encapsulating organic devices. A simple methodology based on organic passivation layer on a flexible substrate has been developed in this work. Stearyl stearate (SS) was directly coated over the flexible Surlyn film. The barrier films with SS passivation layer exhibited much lower water vapor transmission rates compared to the neat Surlyn films. Moreover, the effect of the process of deposition of organic passivation layer on the resultant water vapor properties of the barrier films was evaluated. The accelerated lifetime studies conducted on encapsulated organic photovoltaics showed that the passivation layer improved the device performance by several fold compared to the non-passivated barrier films.
Effect of Zn/Al ratio of Ni/ZnO-Al2O3 catalysts on the catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid into alkane
Chen, Lei,Zhang, Feng,Li, Guangci,Li, Xuebing
, p. 175 - 184 (2017)
Ni-based catalysts supported on Zn-Al composite oxides have been prepared for the catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid into diesel-ranged alkanes, and the effects of the Zn/Al ratio on the physico-chemical properties of the supports and the deoxygenation activity of the final catalyst were investigated in detail. The results showed that higher Zn/Al ratios led to lower specific surface area of the supports and weakening of the interaction between Ni species and supports thereby improving the reducibility of Ni species. However, higher Zn/Al ratios may limit the dispersion of Ni species, leading to a decrease in the exposure of metallic Ni. Because the conversion and deoxygenation of the reactants mainly depended on the hydrogenation capability of the catalysts which was controlled by the amount of exposed metallic Ni, the catalyst with a Zn/Al ratio of 2/1 showed the highest hydrogenation rate and alkane yield. Further decreasing the Zn/Al ratio led to strong metal-support interaction, making the Ni species difficult to reduce, which may also inhibit the formation of alkane products. In addition, the change in Zn/Al ratio affected intermediate type, which could affect the yield of alkane products.
Intramolecular charge-transfer fluorescence of 1-phenyl-4-piperidine (fluoroprobe) as a sensor for phase transitions in the solid state
Jenneskens, Leonardus W.,Verhey, Herman J.,Ramesdonk, Hendrik J. van,Verhoeven, Jan W.,Malssen, Kees F. van,Schenk, Henk
, p. 507 - 510 (1992)
As evidenced by temperature-dependent wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), the thermochromism of the continuous and time-resolved (nanosecond time scale) fluorescence behaviour of 1-phenyl-4-piperidine (fluoroprobe) dissolved in octadecyl octadecanoate is shown to be a highly sensitive probe for a phase transition in the solid state occurring in the latter.
Efficient greener methodology for the preparation of bio-based phase change materials from lipids
Y?ld?r?m, Ayhan,K?raylar, Kaan
, p. 407 - 413 (2020/11/19)
In the present work, a new, highly efficient and simple strategy has been developed for the synthesis of long chain esters from fatty acids and fatty alcohols as phase change materials. Equivalent amounts of the selected starting compounds were taken to the esterification reaction at 110 °C in a solventless medium. In order to catalyze the esterification reaction, non-hygroscopic triphenylphosphine-sulfur trioxide adduct was used (0.83 mmol%) which is an easily accessible compound. The relevant reaction was completed in a very short time (2 h) and under optimized esterification conditions, excellent conversion were reached. The targeted mono ester compounds (15 examples) were obtained in good to excellent yields even after a simple crystallization step (72-99%). Additionally, a catalyst reuse investigation and study covering the scale-up production of stearyl stearate was also carried out. The triphenylphosphine-sulfur trioxide catalyzed solvent free process can compete with existing processes and proved to be a cheaper, practical and environmentally-friendly method for the esterification of fatty acids and alcohols.
PRODUCTION METHOD OF ESTER COMPOUND
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Paragraph 0030; 0033, (2019/10/01)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an ester compound at a high conversion even under mild reaction conditions. SOLUTION: A production method of an ester compound includes a reaction step for reacting a carboxylic acid of 8-22 carbons and an alcohol of 8-22 carbons at a temperature of 50-100°C in an ionic liquid composed of a phosphonium cation or an imidazolium cation and a trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anion or a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide anion to obtain an ester compound in a liquid phase different from an ionic liquid phase. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2019,JPOandINPIT
Fatty acid ester-based wax compositions and methods of making thereof
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Page/Page column 22; 23; 27, (2019/07/29)
This invention relates to a wax composition comprising one or more fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of R1 and R2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C4 to C50 alkyl or aryl; and n1 is an integer from 2 to 10. This invention also relates to a wax composition comprising: a) one or more fatty acid monoester or diester compounds having the formula of: and b) one or more hydroxylated fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of In these formulae, R is H or COR1′; R1′ and R2′ are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C4 to C50 alkyl or aryl; n2 is an integer from 2 to 24; m is an integer from 2 to 12; and .(OH)m represents 2 to 12 hydroxyl groups substituting for 2 to 12 hydrogen atoms in the alkyl groups R1′ and/or R2′. Uses of the compositions are also disclosed.
Solid Wax Composition and Solid Oily Cosmetic
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Paragraph 0091, (2019/10/20)
The present invention provides a composition that has an excellent hardness adjustment action, can be used as a solidifying agent for various cosmetics, and when added to cosmetics, can impart those cosmetics with excellent shape retention properties, an oil oozing suppression effect during use, a favorable texture and good storage stability, and also provides an oily solid cosmetic to which the composition has been added. Specifically, the invention provides a solid wax composition containing a component (A):candelilla wax, and a component (B): a monoester having a total of 40 to 48 carbon atoms, wherein the mass ratio between the component (A) and the component (B) in the solid wax composition satisfies component (A):component (B)=45:55 to 95:5, and the monoester is a monoester of a monovalent fatty acid and a monohydric alcohol.
Selective Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols or Alkanes Employing a Heterogeneous Catalyst
Ullrich, Johannes,Breit, Bernhard
, p. 785 - 789 (2018/02/14)
The chemoselective hydrogenation of carboxylic acids to either alcohols or alkanes is reported, employing a heterogeneous bimetallic catalyst consisting of rhenium and palladium supported on graphite. α-Chiral carboxylic acids were hydrogenated without loss of optical purity. The catalyst displays a reverse order of reactivity upon hydrogenation of different carboxylic functions with esters being less reactive than amides and carboxylic acids. This allows for chemoselective hydrogenation of an acid in the presence of an ester or an amide function.
Oxidative esterification of primary alcohols at room temperature under aqueous medium
Reddy, N. Naresh Kumar,Ravi, Chitrakar,Adimurthy, Subbarayappa
, p. 1663 - 1670 (2018/06/15)
Oxidative esterification of aliphatic primary alcohols with bromide and bromate couple in aqueous acidic medium at room temperature is reported with a wide range of substrate scope for both aliphatic and cyclic alcohols and obtained excellent yields of products.
Manganese Pincer Complexes for the Base-Free, Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols to Esters: Development, Scope, and Understanding
Nguyen, Duc Hanh,Trivelli, Xavier,Capet, Frédéric,Paul, Jean-Fran?ois,Dumeignil, Franck,Gauvin, Régis M.
, p. 2022 - 2032 (2017/08/14)
Aliphatic PNP pincer-supported earth-abundant manganese(I) dicarbonyl complexes behave as effective catalysts for the acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of a wide range of alcohols to esters under base-free conditions. The reaction proceeds under neat conditions, with modest catalyst loading and releasing only H2 as byproduct. Mechanistic aspects were addressed by synthesizing key species related to the catalytic cycle (characterized by X-ray structure determination, multinuclear (1H, 13C, 31P, 15N, 55Mn) NMR, infrared spectroscopy, inter alia), by studying elementary steps connected to the postulated mechanism, and by resorting to DFT calculations. As in the case of related ruthenium and iron PNP catalysts, the dehydrogenation results from cycling between the amido and amino-hydride forms of the PNP-Mn(CO)2 scaffold. For the dehydrogenation of alcohols into aldehydes, our results suggest that the highest energy barrier corresponds to the hydrogen release from the amino-hydride form, although its value is close to that of the outer-sphere dehydrogenation of the alcohol into aldehyde. This contrasts with the ruthenium and iron catalytic systems, where dehydrogenation of the substrate into aldehyde is less energy-demanding compared to hydrogen release from the cooperative metal-ligand framework.
