555-43-1Relevant articles and documents
Ollivon,Perron
, p. 395,396,400-403,407-409 (1979)
Perron et al.
, p. 11,15,19,20,21,23,25,26 (1969)
Synthesis of glycerol monostearate over K2CO3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst
Zhou, Lu,Gu, Yi,Hong, Mei,Xiao, Guomin
, p. 458 - 462 (2015/01/30)
The synthesis of glycerol monostearate by transesterification of methyl stearate with glycerol can be carried out in the presence of basic catalyst. The absence of solvent in the reaction system would result in a low conversion of methyl stearate as a consequence of low miscibility between reactants. The addition N,N′-dimethyl formamide as solvent improved the activity of the catalyst and selectivity to glycerol monostearate. Different K2CO3-containing γ-Al2O3 catalysts were made and used in the reaction. The results showed that catalyst with higher basicity could lead to better reactant's conversion but poorer selectivity to glycerol monostearate and the optimal load of K2CO3 inducing the highest yield to glycerol monostearate was 20 % mass fraction of γ-Al2O3 supporter. At a glycerol/methyl stearate ratio of 6:1, 165°C, 2 wt. % catalyst amount, a yield of 82.21 % of glycerol monostearate was achieved after 5h.
13C NMR quantification of mono and diacylglycerols obtained through the solvent-free lipase-catalyzed esterification of saturated fatty acids
Fernandes, Jane Luiza Nogueira,De Souza, Rodrigo Octavio Mendonca Alves,De Vasconcellos Azeredo, Rodrigo Bagueira
experimental part, p. 424 - 428 (2012/08/14)
In the present investigation, we studied the enzymatic synthesis of monoacylglycerols (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) via the esterification of saturated fatty acids (stearic, palmitic and an industrial residue containing 87% palmitic acid) and glycerol in a solvent-free system. Three immobilized lipases (Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435) and different reaction conditions were evaluated. Under the optimal reaction conditions, esterifications catalyzed by Lipozyme RM IM resulted in a mixture of MAG and DAG at high conversion rates for all of the substrates. In addition, except for the reaction of industrial residue at atmospheric pressure, all of these products met the World Health Organization and European Union directives for acylglycerol mixtures for use in food applications. The products were quantified by 13C NMR, with the aid of an external reference signal which was generated from a sealed coaxial tube filled with acetonitrile-d3. After calibrating the area of this signal using the classical external reference method, the same coaxial tube was used repeatedly to quantify the reaction products. Copyright
