27814-48-8Relevant articles and documents
Probing the compatibility of energetic binder poly-glycidyl nitrate with energetic plasticizers: Thermal, rheological and DFT studies
Shee, Sujit Kumar,Reddy, Sreekantha T.,Athar, Javaid,Sikder, Arun Kanti,Talawar,Banerjee, Shaibal,Khan, Md Abdul Shafeeuulla
, p. 101297 - 101308 (2015)
The essential idea of developing energetic binders and plasticizers is to enhance the thermal stability and energy content, improve the oxygen balance and burning behaviour of moulds, reduce the glass transition temperature and improve other mechanical properties of propellant and explosives formulations. The compatibility of energetic binder poly-glycidyl nitrate (PGN) with some energetic plasticizers of solid propellants was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology and DFT methods in relation to the effect of the addition of five different energetic plasticizers, i.e. bis(2,2-dinitro propyl) acetal (BDNPA), dinitro-diaza-alkanes (DNDA-57), 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), N-N-butyl-N′(2-nitroxy-ethyl) nitramine (BuNENA) and diethyleneglycol dinitrate (DEGDN), on the rheological and thermal properties of the energetic binder PGN. The results obtained for the mixture of plasticizer and binder with respect to decomposition temperature (Tmax) and the format of the peak are compared with the results obtained for the pure binder, indicating the compatibility of these plasticizers with PGN. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of all these mixes were determined by low-temperature DSC, which showed a lowering of Tg with a single peak. Rheological evaluation revealed that the viscosity of the binder is sufficiently lowered with an increase in flow behaviour on addition of 20% (w/w) plasticizer. The addition of 20% DEGDN has the maximum effect on the lowering of the viscosity of PGN. Quantum chemically derived molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) shows the possible sites of interaction of plasticizers and binder with the estimated lowest Vmin values and their magnitudes provide an insight into their mutual interactions. The relative trend in interaction energies between plasticizer and binder, PGN, is well correlated with a corresponding trend in the ability of plasticizers towards reducing the viscosity of PGN. The information gathered in the present study would in general be valuable with respect to designing new plasticizers.
A safe two-step process for manufacturing glycidyl nitrate from glycidol involving solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis
Ochoa-Gomez, Jose R.,Blanco-Gomez, Juan J.
experimental part, p. 1454 - 1457 (2012/01/12)
A new and safer two-step process for manufacturing glycidyl nitrate from glycidol is reported. In the first step glycidyl tosylate is obtained by reacting glycidol with p-tosyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine according to any one of the well-known procedures for obtaining tosyl esters described in the literature. In the second step, glycidyl tosylate is reacted with NaNO3 in refluxing acetonitrile under solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis conditions using tetrabutylammonium nitrate as catalyst. Acetonitrile and the phase-transfer catalyst were recycled 12 times without deactivation, yielding 99% pure glycidyl nitrate in a cumulative isolated yield of 81.5% with a catalyst turnover number of 85.7 mol substrate per mol phase-transfer catalyst. This procedure avoids the use of the dangerous reactants used in the current manufacturing processes of glycidyl nitrate and could be useful as a safe and general method for obtaining nitrate esters.
Continuous process and system for production of glycidyl nitrate from glycerin, nitric acid and caustic and conversion of glycidyl nitrate to poly(glycidyl nitrate)
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Page 3-5, (2008/06/13)
A continuous and scalable process for producing glycidyl nitrate, or glyn, from glycerin, nitric acid, and caustic wherein the process includes the reaction of glycerin and nitric acid to form dinitroglycerin and the reaction of dinitroglycerin with caustic, such as sodium hydroxide, to produce glycidyl nitrate. A system for producing the inventive material is also disclosed. The system includes a first reaction vessel, a second reaction vessel, and a separation apparatus.
