28959-49-1

Upstream product

• 92-84-2 10H-phenothiazine 
• 127218-95-5 1,5-Diselenoniabicyclo<3.3.0>octane bis(hexafluorophosphate) 

Downstream Products

• 92-84-2 10H-phenothiazine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Hydrated Electrons in Surfactant Solubilized Water Pools in Heptane

Hydrated electron (eaq-) formation has been observed in the laser photoionization of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and dodecylammonium propionate reversed micelle solubilized phenothiazine, 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonate, and potassium ferrocyanide in heptane.Changes in the H2O/AOT ratios, ω0 values, were found to affect substantially eaq- lifetimes and spectra.Decreasing ω0 values or temperature resulted in increasing lifetimes and in narrowing the absorption spectra of eaq-.These results are rationalized in terms of increasing viscosities with decreasing ω0 values.

N-substituted phenothiazine derivatives: How the stability of the neutral and radical cation forms affects overcharge performance in lithium-ion batteries

Phenothiazine and five N-substituted derivatives were evaluated as electrolyte additives for overcharge protection in LiFePO4/synthetic graphite lithium-ion batteries. We report on the stability and reactivity of both the neutral and radical-cation forms of these six compounds. While three of the compounds show extensive overcharge protection, the remaining three last for only one to a few cycles. UV/Vis studies of redox shuttle stability in the radical cation form are consistent with the overcharge performance: redox shuttles with spectra that show little change over time exhibit extensive overcharge performance, whereas those with changing spectra have limited overcharge protection. In one case, we determined that a C-N bond cleaves upon oxidation, forming the phenothiazine radical cation and leading to premature overcharge protection failure; in another case, poor solubility appears to limit protection.

Chemical and electrochemical oxidation of phenothiazine

The oxidation of phenothiazine in dilute solutions of sulphuric acid leads to the corresponding cation radical.Using a potentiometric technique, a pKa value of 5.72 +/-0.05 was determined for phenothiazine.The kinetics has been studied and participation of both protonated and unprotonated oxidant in the oxidation reaction has been confirmed.Using a voltammetric technique with a rotating disk electrode, the anodic oxidation of phenothiazine was shown to be a one-electron diffusion-controlled process.A quantum chemical explanation was found for the direction of phenothiazine protonation and the absence of a dimerization stage oxidation.

Reactivity of Diselenide Dication Salt, 1,5-Diselenoniabicyclooctane Bis(hexafluorophosphate) toward Aromatics. A New Mode of Aromatic Substitution and Redox Reaction

A new diselenide dication salt, 1,5-diselenoniabicyclooctane bis(hexafluorophosphate) was reacted with several aromatics to afford either the substitution or redox products.The reaction mode depends on the oxidation potential of aromatics.

Endor Studies of Cation Radicals from Pharmacologically Active Phenothiazines

A variety of substituted phenothiazine cation radicals, including those from pharmacologically active derivatives, e.g. chloropromazine, alimemazine and laevomepromazine, have been studied by means of ENDOR and TRIPLE resonace spectroscopy.These techniques allowed accurate determinations of hyperfine coupling constants, including their signs.Conclusions concerning molecular structure (e.g. twist angles) could be drawn, supporting previous investigations of the interrelationship of molecular conformations with the pharmacological potential, i.e. neuroleptic, antihistaminic or anti-Parkinsonian.

Electron Spin Resonance Studies on the Reactive Character of Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) Radical in Aqueous Solution

The reactivities of the ClO2 radical towards some organic substrates were investigated in aqueous solution by use of a rapid-mixing flow technique coupled with electron spin resonance spectroscopy.The ClO2 radical could oxidize some aromatic amines to the corresponding cation radicals, whereas it could neither abstract hydrogen from saturated compounds such as methanol and ethanol nor add to unsaturated compounds having a double or triple bond.Keywords-chlorine dioxide; ClO2 radical; rapid-mixing flow technique; ESR; aromatic amine; cation radical; Wurster's salt

Metallopolymer Photochemistry. Photophysical, Photochemical, and Photoelectrochemical Properties of (bpy)2RuII< Sites Bound to Poly(4-vinylpyridine)

The photochemical and photophysical properties of the polymer-bound chromophore Ru(bpy)2(PVP)22+ (PVP is poly(4-vinylpyridine)) have been investigated in homogeneous solution.Results have been obtained with polymers both dilute and concentrated in chromophore.Lifetime and quantum yield data are interpreted in terms of models of excited-state behavior previously proposed for analogous mopnomeric poly(pyridyl) complexes of Ru(II).Excited-state sites within the metallopolymers undergo oxidative and reductive electron-transfer quenching.The quenching reaction were investigated by Stern-Volmer quenching and conventional microsecond flash photolysis.Sensitization of n-TiO2 to visible light has been observed on a semiconductor coated with a film of the metallopolymer.

ESR Investigation of Radical Cations Formed from Aromatics and Heteroaromatics Adsorbed on Mo-Al2O3 Surfaces

Molybdena-alumina is an important model catalyst system that has attracted considerable attention over the years.The behavior of adsorbed species on catalytic surfaces is also of interest because this may lead to a better understanding of the reaction mechanisms involved in the catalytic process.Using electron spin resonance, we have continued our systematic study of the molybdena-alumina system to which various aromatics and heteroaromatics have been added.We have investigated electron-transfer reactions with the molybdena-alumina surface and have also investigated the structural and dynamical aspects of the resulting adsorbed cations.Computer fitting of the cation ESR spectra has been carried out for a more precise determination of spectral parameters, and a comparison with solution spectral parameters has also been made.