29411-04-9

Upstream product

• 624-83-9 methyl isocyanate 
• 106-54-7 p-Chlorothiophenol 
• 123-39-7 N-Methylformamide 
• 1213-40-7 S-(4-chlorophenyl)benzene thiosulfonate 
• 1142-19-4 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl disulfide 

Downstream Products

• 98-60-2 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Visible-light-promoted synthesis of secondary and tertiary thiocarbamates from thiosulfonates andN-substituted formamides

A general visible-light-promoted metal-free synthesis of secondary and tertiary thiocarbamates starting from thiosulfonates andN-substituted formamides is developed. By employing rhodamine B as a photocatalyst andtert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as an oxidant, a wide scope of thiocarbamates can be obtained through direct thiolation of acyl C-H bonds under irradiation of blue light at room temperature for 12 h.

Synthesis and reactivity of N -alkyl carbamoylimidazoles: Development of N -methyl carbamoylimidazole as a methyl isocyanate equivalent

A high-yielding synthesis of N-methyl carbamoylimidazole from 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) and MeNH3Cl is described. The product is a crystalline, readily storable, water-stable compound that reacts as a methyl isocyanate (MIC) substitute. Reaction of N-methyl carbamoylimidazole in the presence of a base such as triethylamine occurs with nucleophiles such as amines, protected and unprotected amino acids, thiols and alcohols. The product N-methylureas, carbamates and thiocarbamates are obtained in good to excellent yields, with reactions occurring in either organic solvents or water. The protocol for the synthesis of N-methyl carbamoylimidazole is both scalable and general, occurring in quantitative yield at scales ranging from 300 mg to 20 g. The success of this method relies upon the reaction of CDI with the ammonium salt rather than the free amine, resulting in a significant improvement in the yield of N-methyl carbamoylimidazole. The reaction presumably involves a proton transfer from MeNH3Cl to the CDI, which results in the release of MeNH2 with simultaneous activation of the CDI as its protonated form. Other primary ammonium hydrochloride salts, including protected α-amino acid salts, give excellent yields of the corresponding N-alkyl carbamoylimidazoles and serve as alkyl isocyanate surrogates. The resultant N-alkyl carbamoylimidazoles can be converted to ureas in high yields without the formation of intermediary isocyanates.

Expanded Chemistry of Formamidine Ureas

(Equation presented) Formamidine ureas display a rich manifold of reactivity. Thiols induce substitution at the carbonyl carbon to give thiolcarbamates; base-mediated alkylation and acylation occurs at the terminal urea nitrogen, and a new fragmentation/acylation pathway has been uncovered with isocyanates.