29953-18-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Comprehensive investigation of the biomass derived furfuryl alcohol oligomer formation over tungsten oxide catalysts
Chan, Xiaojun,Nan, Wei,Mahajan, Devinder,Kim, Taejin
, p. 11 - 15 (2015/09/21)
The feasibility of using tungsten oxide catalysts for furfuryl alcohol (FA) oligomerization reaction was investigated in the liquid phase at 100°C and ambient pressure. Five dimers (2,2′-difurylmethane, 2-(2-furylmethyl)-5-methylfuran, difurfuryl ether, 4-furfuryl-2-pentenoic acid γ-lactone, 5-fufuryl-furfuryl alcohol) and two trimers (2,5-difurfurylfuran and 2,2′-(furylmethylene)bis(5-methylfuran)) were observed in GC and GC/MS, while Infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy provided the co-existence of conjugated diene and diketone molecular structures, respectively. It was observed that C9-C15 oligomers' selectivity decreased as the reaction time increased. Ether bridge and terminal alcohol are dominant FA dimers which are very similar to sulfuric acid (homogeneous catalysis) catalyzed dehydration/condensation reaction of FA.
Synthesis of Calixfuran Macrocycles and Evidence for Gas-phase Ammonium Ion Complexation
Musau, Richard M.,Whiting, Andrew
, p. 2881 - 2888 (2007/10/02)
Furan and 2-hydroxymethylfuran reacted under Lewis acidic conditions to yield oligomeric furylmethane compounds 5 and 6.Difurylmethane 5 was also obtained via the reaction of 2-furyllithium with bromochloromethane or reaction with 2-furaldehyde, followed by in situ reduction of the resulting lithium alkoxide with sodium boranuide-trifluoroacetic acid mixture.The trimeric furan compound 6a could also be prepared from furyllithium by a similar route.Oligomers 5 and 6 were utilised for a subsequent Lewis acid-catalysed cyclisation to afford calixfurans, i.e. cyclic tetramer 2a, and small quantities of the cyclic pentamer 2b, hexamer 2c and octamer 2e.Traces of cyclic heptamer 2d could also be detected under certain conditions.Chemical ionisation mass spectrometry using ammonia gas demonstrates that the calixfurans and their acyclic precursors are capable of chelating hydrogen and ammonium ions in the gas phase.
The Synthesis of Furan-derived Calixarenes
Musau, Richard M.,Whiting, Andrew
, p. 1029 - 1031 (2007/10/02)
Furan and 2-hydroxymethylfuran were reacted under Lewis acidic oligomeric precursors, for a subsequent Lewis acid catalysed cyclisation to afford the furan based calixarenes, i.e. cyclic tetramer 2a, and small quantities of the cyclic pentamer 2b, hexamer 2c and octamer 2d.
Syntheses of Tetraoxaquaterene Derivatives
Tanaka, Sanae,Tomokuni, Hidehiko
, p. 991 - 994 (2007/10/02)
Several new dimethyl and tetramethyl tetraoxaquaterenes, 3d and 3e, have been prepared in order to synthesize the oxygen analogues of porphyrin.The reaction between furan and a ketone using an acidic catalyst gave the cyclic tetramer, tetraquaterene, and oligomers.On the other hand, in the case of furan and the aldehyde, only linear oligomers were isolated.The condensation of furan-containing dimers with carbonyl compounds, both ketone and aldehyde, except formaldehyde, gave the tetraoxaquaterene.In the case of formaldehyde, the yield of cyclic tetramer was neglijable.
ALKYLATION OF FURAN, THIOPHENE, AND PYRROLE WITH FURFURYL ALCOHOL IN THE PRESENCE OF THE STRONGLY ACIDIC AMBERLYST 15 SULFO CATION-EXCHANGE RESIN
Iovel', I. G.,Gol'dberg, Yu. Sh.,Shimanskaya, M. V.
, p. 613 - 616 (2007/10/02)
The corresponding 2-furylhetarylmethanes were obtained by the reaction of furan, thiophene, or pyrrole with furfuryl alcohol in the presence of the strongly acidic Amberlyst 15 cation-exchange resin in the H+ form.The alkylation of furan and thiophene takes place regiospecifically in the 2 position, whereas 2-furyl-2-pyrrolyl- and 2-furyl-3-pyrrolylmethane in a ratio of 6.2:1 are formed in the case of pyrrole.
