304014-53-7

Upstream product

• 1592-20-7 4-Vinylbenzyl chloride 
• 29654-55-5 5-(hydroxymethyl)benzene-1,3-diol 
• 2150-44-9 1-carbomethoxy-3,5-dihydroxybenzene 
• 312767-15-0 3,5-Di(4-vinylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid methyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 199277-76-4 3,5-bis(p-vinylphenylmethyloxy)benzyl bromide 
• 478487-84-2 tris(3,5-bis(p-vinylphenylmethyloxy)phenylmethyl) 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate 
• 312767-17-2 3,5-Di[3,5-di(4-vinylbenzyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyl alcohol 
• 199277-79-7 3,5-Di[3,5-di(4-vinylbenzyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyl bromide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Highly efficient and stable inverted polymer solar cells integrated with a cross-linked fullerene material as an interlayer

A novel PCBM-based n-type material, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric styryl dendron ester (PCBSD), functionalized with a dendron containing two styryl groups as thermal cross-linkers, has been rationally designed and easily synthesized. In situ cross-linking of PCBSD was carried out by heating at a low temperature of 160 °C for 30 min to generate a robust, adhesive, and solvent-resistant thin film. This cross-linked network enables a sequential active layer to be successfully deposited on top of this interlayer to overcome the problem of interfacial erosion and realize a multilayer inverted device by all-solution processing. An inverted solar cell device based on an ITO/ZnO/C-PCBSD/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag configuration not only achieves enhanced device characteristics, with an impressive PCE of 4.4%, but also exhibits an exceptional device lifetime without encapsulation; it greatly outperforms a reference device (PCE = 3.5%) based on an ITO/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag configuration without the interlayer. This C-PCBSD interlayer exerts multiple positive effects on both P3HT/C-PCBSD and PCBM/C-PCBSD localized heterojunctions at the interface of the active layer, including improved exciton dissociation efficiency, reduced charge recombination, decreased interface contact resistance, and induction of vertical phase separation to reduce the bulk resistance of the active layer as well as passivation of the local shunts at the ZnO interface. Moreover, this promising approach can be applied to another inverted solar cell, ITO/ZnO/C-PCBSD/PCPDTBT:PC71BM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag, using PCPDTBT as the p-type low-band-gap conjugated polymer to achieve an improved PCE of 3.4%. Incorporation of this cross-linked C60 interlayer could become a standard procedure in the fabrication of highly efficient and stable multilayer inverted solar cells.

Catalysis by titanocene-functionalized polymer-supported dendrimers

A series of variously-functionalized first-, second-, and third-generation dendrimers have been prepared and linked via a biphenyl core to a bis-styryl moiety suitable for use as a crosslinker in polymerization. Attachment of titanocene moieties to the first-generation system and copolymerization with styrene affords polymeric disks that exhibit catalytic properties superior to comparable solution-phase systems in a multicomponent coupling of chlorosilanes with Grignards to give bis-allylic silanes.

Synthesis of periphery-functionalized dendritic polyethers

New dendritic polyethers with bromo-, hydroxy- and vinyl-end groups have been synthesized by a convergent strategy. Planar, 1,3,5- trischlorocarbonylbenzene and 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, and tetrahedral, tetrakis(p-hydroxyphenyl)methane, cores have been used.

Polymer immobilization of bis(oxazoline) ligands using dendrimers as cross-linkers

Homopolymers of bis(oxazoline) ligands can be used to prepare efficient catalysts for cyclopropanation reactions. However, the low accessibility to most bis(oxazoline) moieties leads to a low copper loading. As a consequence, the transmission of chiral information from the complexed polymer is not very efficient and only a few chiral cyclopropane molecules are obtained from each molecule of chiral ligand. The use of suitable dendrimers as cross-linkers in the polymerization process allows better copper functionalization. As a consequence the productivity of chiral cyclopropanes per molecule of chiral ligand greatly increases, which improves the ligand economy and the chirality transfer.

Immobilization of BINOL by cross-linking copolymerization of styryl derivatives with styrene, and applications in enantioselective Ti and Al lewis acid mediated additions of Et2Zn and Me3SiCN to aldehydes and of diphenyl nitrone to enol ethers

The chiral ligand 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) has been succesfully immobilized on polystyrene. Several dendritic and non-dendritic BINOL derivatives (3, and 13-17), bearing at least two polymerizable styryl groups, were prepared and fully characterized. Suspension copolymerization of the MOM-or TIPS-protected cross-linking BINOL ligands (MOM = methyloxymethyl, TIPS=triisopropylsilyl) with styrene, cleavage of the protecting-groups, and loading with a Lewis-acid afforded catalytically active polystyrene-supported BINOLates. The polymer-bound BINOLs p-3, and p-13-p-16 were tested in the Ti-BINOLate-mediated addition of Et2Zn to PhCHO. The enantioselectivities (up to 93%) and conversions obtained with the polymer-bound catalysts were in most cases identical (within experimental error) to those obtained with the unsubstituted 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol and with the non-polymerized BINOL cross-linkers under homogeneous conditions. Special focus was put on the reusability of the supported catalyst: the polymer-beads were used in up to 20 consecutive catalytic runs, with the best polymers showing no or only minor loss of selectivity. BINOL-polymers p-17, obtained by copolymerization of a 3,3'-distyryl-substituted BINOL 17a with styrene, were used in the BINOL. AlMe-mediated cycloaddition of diphenyl nitrone with alkyl vinyl ethers. In all cases the exolendo selectivity (≥92:8) and the enantioselectivities with which the exo-cycloadducts were formed (≥95%) correspond to those observed in the homogeneous reactions. A dendritically cross-linked BINOL-polymer was also employed in the Ti-BINOLate-mediated cyanosilylation of pivalaldehyde. The enantiopurity of the cyanohydrine obtained in the first run was as high as in the homogeneous reaction (72%); surprisingly the catalytic performance of the supported catalyst increased steadily during the first catalytic cycles to reach 83%. Thus, cross-linking BINOLs can be succesfully incorporated into a polystyrene matrix (without racemization!) to give polymer-bound BINOL ligands that give excellent performance over many catalytic cycles with catalytic activities comparable with those of soluble analogues.