3094-11-9

Usage

Chemical structure

derivative of acrylic acid

Physical state

pale yellow solid at room temperature

Primary use

synthesis of pharmaceuticals and organic compounds
Commonly used as a building block for the production of other chemicals
Low toxicity
Generally regarded as safe for handling in controlled laboratory settings

Specific content

Used in research and development of new drugs and materials
Used in chemical manufacturing processes

Upstream product

• 371-40-4 4-fluoroaniline 
• 920-46-7 Methacryloyl chloride 
• 1353568-73-6 N-methyl-N-(4-fluorophenyl)methacrylamide 

Downstream Products

• 1256971-23-9 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,6-diphenylpyridin-2(1H)-one 
• 1353568-73-6 N-methyl-N-(4-fluorophenyl)methacrylamide 
• 1414882-50-0 (2E,4Z)-n-butyl 6-p-fluorophenylamino-5-methyl-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate 
• 1414882-52-2 (2E,4Z)-n-butyl 6-(p-methoxylphenylamino)-5-methyl-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate 
• 1588429-74-6 5-fluoro-1, 3-dimethyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Bromo Radical-Mediated Photoredox Aldehyde Decarbonylation towards Transition-Metal-Free Hydroalkylation of Acrylamides at Room Temperature

Herein, we report a visible-light-mediated hydroalkylation reaction of alkenes using easily available aldehydes as alkyl sources via bromo radical-promoted photoredox decarbonylation. This protocol provides an alternative entry to C(sp3)?C(sp3) bond formation and features considerable advantages including mild and clean reaction conditions, obviation for transition-metal catalyst, and good functional group compatibility.

Photoredox Cyclization of N-Arylacrylamides for Synthesis of Dihydroquinolinones

Metal- and additive-free photoredox cyclization of N-arylacrylamides is herein reported that provides a concise access to the formation of dihydroquinolinones. In this protocol, sustainable visible light was used as the energy source, and the organic light-emitting molecule 4CzIPN served as the efficient photocatalyst. This reaction system features exclusive 6-endo-trig cyclization selectivity with a generally good yield of a range of functionalized dihydroquinolinones and dihydrobenzoquinolinones. Mechanistical studies reveal the feasibility of both 1,3-H shift and intersystem crossing of the diradical intermediate.

A benzene-bridged divanadium complex-early transition metal catalyst for alkene alkylarylation with PhI(O2CR)2viadecarboxylation

The synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of a benzene-bridged divanadium complex were comprehensively studied. The reduction of (Nacnac)VCl2(1) (Nacnac = (2,6-iPr2C6H3NCMe)2HC) supported by β-diketiminate with potassium graphite (KC8) by employing benzene as the solvent allows access to the benzene-bridged inverted-sandwich divanadium complex (μ-η6:η6-C6H6)[V(Nacnac)]2(2a), which can catalyze alkene alkylarylation with hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents (HIRs)viadecarboxylation to generate regioselectively diverse indolinones. Furthermore, the mild nature of this reaction was amenable to a wide range of functionalities on alkenes and HIRs. Mechanistic studies revealed a relay sequence of decarboxylative radical alkylation/radical arylation/oxidative re-aromatization.

Acridine Orange Hemi(Zinc Chloride) Salt as a Lewis Acid-Photoredox Hybrid Catalyst for the Generation of α-Carbonyl Radicals

A readily accessible organic-inorganic hybrid catalyst is reported for the reductive fragmentation of α-halocarbonyl compounds. The robust hybrid catalyst is a self-stabilizing combination of ZnCl2 Lewis acid and acridine orange as the photoactive organic dye. Mechanistic specifics of this hybrid catalyst have been studied in detail using both photophysical and electrochemical experiments. A systematic study enabled the discovery of the appropriate Lewis acid for the effective LUMO stabilization of α-halocarbonyl compounds and thereby lowering of reduction potential within the range of a standard organic dye. This strategy resolves the issues like dehalogenative hydrogenation or homo-coupling of alkyl radicals by guiding the photoredox cycle through an oxidative quenching pathway. The cooperativity between the photoactive organic dye and the Lewis acid counterparts empowers functionalization with a wide range of coupling partners through efficient and controlled generation of alkyl radicals and serves as an appropriate alternative to the expensive late transition metal-based photocatalysts. To demonstrate the application potential of this cooperative catalytic system, four different synthetic transformations of α-carbonyl bromides were explored with broad substrate scopes.

Copper-Catalyzed Radical N-Demethylation of Amides Using N-Fluorobenzenesulfonimide as an Oxidant

An unprecedented N-demethylation of N-methyl amides has been developed by use of N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide as an oxidant with the aid of a copper catalyst. The conversion of amides to carbinolamines involves successive single-electron transfer, hydrogen-atom transfer, and hydrolysis, and is accompanied by formation of N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide. Carbinolamines spontaneously decompose to N-demethylated amides and formaldehyde, because of their inherent instability.

Regioselective Acetoxylation of Terminal Olefins Using a Palladium(II)–Thiadiazole Catalyst

First-time use of a palladium(II)–thiadiazole catalyst in the allylic oxidation of terminal olefins to linear allylic acetates. Employing this strategy, a range of allylic esters (20 examples) were synthesized in 43 % to 80 % yield with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities.

The Allylic Acetoxylation of 1,1-Disubstituted Alkenes Catalyzed by a Palladium(II)/Monothiadiazole Ligand System

A palladium(II)/monothiadiazole ligand catalytic system and its application in catalyzing the acetoxylation of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes have been developed. With this newly designed monothiadiazole thioether ligand, the reaction showed a broad scope with respect to 1,1-disubstituted olefins, giving the corresponding products in yields of 30-86percent.

Synthesis of Perfluoroalkyl-Substituted Oxindoles through Organophotoredox-Catalyzed Perfluoroalkylation of N-arylacrylamides with Perfluoroalkyl Iodides

An efficient process was developed for the perfluoroalkylation of N -arylacrylamides through an organocatalyzed photoredox/cyclization reaction of N -arylacrylamides with inexpensive perfluoroalkyl iodide reagents. The reaction employs an inexpensive organic dye, eosin Y, as the photoredox catalyst and is run under irradiation by a 26 W LED lightbulb.

Catalyst-free and selective trifluoromethylative cyclization of acryloanilides using PhICF3Cl

Trifluoromethylation-triggered cyclization of alkenes provides a useful route to CF3-containing cyclic compounds. Current approaches to generate CF3-based initiators from a CF3 source require a catalyst or an activator. This work describes a catalyst-free protocol to innately produce electrophilic CF3 species from PhICF3Cl for trifluoromethylative cyclization of acryloanilides. A new domino biscyclization of dienes has been developed leading to trifluoroethylated tetrahydroindenoquinolinones with chemo- and stereo-selectivity.

Nickel-Catalyzed Transformation of Diazoacetates to Alkyl Radicals Using Alcohol as a Hydrogen Source

A nickel-catalyzed transformation of diazoacetates to α-carbonyl methylene radicals has been disclosed in the presence of hyperoxide using ethanol as a hydrogen source and solvent. This strategy is successfully applied in the formation of indolin-2-ones or 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds from acrylamides or enamides in moderate to good yields. These reactions undergo radical addition onto C-C double bonds followed by a cyclization/oxidation or an oxidation/hydrolysis process, respectively.