314069-33-5Relevant articles and documents
Thiourea-based bifunctional organocatalysis: Supramolecular recognition for living polymerization
Dove, Andrew P.,Pratt, Russell C.,Lohmeijer, Bas G. G.,Waymouth, Robert M.,Hedrick, James L.
, p. 13798 - 13799 (2005)
A versatile, metal-free, organocatalytic approach to the living ring-opening polymerization of lactide using a bifunctional thiourea-tertiary amine catalyst is described. Mild and highly selective polymerization conditions produced poly(lactides) with predictable molecular weights and extremely narrow polydispersities (～ 1.05), characteristic of a living polymerization. The extraordinary selectivity of this catalyst system for polymerization relative to transesterification is remarkably unusual. The low polydispersities and exceptional control observed are a consequence of selective transesterification of lactide relative to the open chain esters. Presumably, the ring strain of lactide provides both a driving force for the polymerization and a kinetic preference for polymerization relative to transesterification with catalyst. We postulate that the initiating/propagating alcohol is activated by acid-base interaction with the tertiary amine moiety and the carbonyl of the lactide monomer is simultaneously activated by hydrogen bonding to the thiourea moiety of the catalyst. Copyright
DRUGS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR OCULAR DELIVERY
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Page/Page column 162; 163; 167, (2019/07/19)
New prodrugs of therapeutically active compounds, including oligomeric prodrugs of ethacrynic acid, and compositions to treat medical disorders, for example glaucoma, a disorder or abnormality related to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), a disorder requiring neuroprotection, age-related macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy. Also a method for the controlled administration of timolol to a patient in need thereof, such as a human, comprising administering a prodrug of timolol in a microparticle in vivo, wherein the timolol prodrug containing microparticle exhibits in vitro drug release kinetics in an aqueous solution at a pH between 6-8 at body temperature of a substantially consistent release of at least 60% timolol itself by molar ratio to the prodrug of timolol or an intermediate metabolite thereof over at least 100 days.
Hydrophilic Oligo(lactic acid)s Captured by a Hydrophobic Polyaromatic Cavity in Water
Kusaba, Shunsuke,Yamashina, Masahiro,Akita, Munetaka,Kikuchi, Takashi,Yoshizawa, Michito
supporting information, p. 3706 - 3710 (2018/03/05)
Biologically relevant hydrophilic molecules rarely interact with hydrophobic compounds and surfaces in water owing to effective hydration. Nevertheless, herein we report that the hydrophobic cavity of a polyaromatic capsule, formed through coordination-driven self-assembly, can encapsulate hydrophilic oligo(lactic acid)s in water with relatively high binding constants (up to Ka=3×105 m?1). X-ray crystallographic and ITC analyses revealed that the unusual host–guest behavior is caused by enthalpic stabilization through multiple CH–π and hydrogen-bonding interactions. The polyaromatic cavity stabilizes hydrolyzable cyclic di(lactic acid) and captures tetra(lactic acid) preferentially from a mixture of oligo(lactic acid)s even in water.
