31790-89-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Chemistry of heavy carbene analogues R2M (M = Si, Ge, Sn). 12. Concerted and nonconcerted insertion reactions of the germylene Me2Ge into the carbon-halogen bond
K?cher, Jürgen,Lehnig, Manfred,Neumann, Wilhelm P.
, p. 1201 - 1207 (2008/10/08)
During the reaction of Me2Ge with CCl3X (X = Cl, Br), PhCH2X (X = Br, I), and Ph2CHCl, 1H CIDNP is observed in the products of net insertion of Me2Ge into the carbon-halogen bond and in Me2GeX2 (X = Cl, Br). It is concluded that a two-step radical reaction takes place by an abstraction-recombination mechanism. No reaction takes place with alkyl halides that have a C-X bond dissociation energy of more than about 70 kcal/mol. Me2Ge is generated thermally at 70-95°C or photochemically from the 7-germabenzonorbornadiene 1 and reacts in both cases in the singlet state. The activation energy for forming Me2Ge from 1 is 19 kcal/mol for the reaction with CCl4. Insertion products are also formed with the alkenyl halides CH2=CHCH2X, PhCH=CHX (X = Cl, Br), and 2-bromobut-2-ene, but without showing CIDNP effects. Since Me2GeX2 was not found either, Me2Ge reacts in these cases in a nonradical manner. It does not react with 1-chlorocyclohexene, but it does react with Me2GeX2 under formation of digermanes and/or oligogermanes without CIDNP.
