3278-46-4

Upstream product

• 64346-45-8 2,3,3,4-tetrachloro-1-butene 
• 813-74-1 2,2,3-trichloropropionitrile 
• 7789-90-4 2,2,3-trichloro-propionaldehyde 
• 802294-64-0 propionic acid 
• 598-78-7 (R,S)-2-chloropropionic acid 
• 10151-09-4 (1,1,2,2,3-pentachloro-propyl)-phosphorimidic acid trichloride 
• 4749-35-3 methyl 2,2,3-trichloropropanoate 

Downstream Products

• 99973-91-8 2,2,3-trichloro-propionic acid-[2-(2,4,5-trichloro-phenoxy)-ethyl ester] 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Ketone-catalyzed photochemical C(sp3)–H chlorination

Photoexcited arylketones catalyze the direct chlorination of C(sp3)–H groups by N- chlorosuccinimide. Acetophenone is the most effective catalyst for functionalization of unactivated C–H groups while benzophenone provides better yields for benzylic C–H functionalization. Activation of both acetophenone and benzophenone can be achieved by irradiation with a household compact fluorescent lamp. This light-dependent reaction provides a better control of the reaction as compared to the traditional chlorination methods that proceed through a free radical chain propagation mechanism.

Heat Capacities of Activation for the Neutral Hydrolysis of Two Acyl-Activated Esters in Water-Rich 2-n-Butoxyethanol-Water Mixtures. Analysis in Terms of the Pseudo-Phase-Separation Model

The water-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-methoxyphenyl dichloroacetate (1) and 2,2-dichloropropionate (2) in water-rich 2-n-butoxyethanol (2-BE)-H2O exhibits large, positive heat capacities of activation (1, ΔCp = 224 +/- 51 cal mol-1 deg-1; 2, ΔCp = 342 +/- 51 cal mol-1 deg-1; temperature 20-48 deg C) at 2 mol percent of 2-BE (nH2O = 0.98).These positive ΔCp values contrast sharply with the negative ΔCp's found for SN solvolysis reactions in highly aqueous mixed solvents.By use of a pseudothermodynamic approach, the ΔCp values as well as positive heat capacities for transfer (ΔCpΘ,tr) of two model substrates from water to 2-BE-H2O are rationalized within the framework of a pseudo-phase-separation model.Based on previous thermodynamic and other evidence, this model assumes the onset of microphase separation in 2-BE-H2O at about nH2O = 0.98 at 25 deg C.It is shown that temperature-dependent partitioning of the acyl-activated esters between a water-rich and a cosolvent-rich microphase provides an adequate explanation for the observed heat capacity data.The observed ΔCp for solvolysis of tert-butyl chloride in 2-BE-H2O at nH2O = 0.98 is also reconcilable with the proposed theory.

Pesticide-polymer systems prepared from vinyl monomers

Controlled release pesticide-polymer systems are prepared by the polymerization of vinyl monomers containing pendant pesticides. The vinyl monomers are prepared by reacting an acrylic acid derivative with a pesticide or a pesticide derivative having an active hydrogen. The pesticide-polymer systems prepared from the pesticide vinyl monomers release the active pesticide material by hydrolysis or chemical depolymerization under conditions of use.