33425-30-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Ni- and pd-catalyzed synthesis of substituted and functionalized allylic boronates
Zhang, Ping,Roundtree, Ian A.,Morken, James P.
supporting information; scheme or table, p. 1416 - 1419 (2012/06/01)
Two highly efficient and convenient methods for the synthesis of functionalized and substituted allylic boronates are described. In one procedure, readily available allylic acetates are converted to allylic boronates catalyzed by Ni/PCy3 or Ni/PPh3 complexes with high levels of stereoselectivity and in good yields. Alternatively, the borylation can be accomplished with commercially available Pd catalysts [e.g., Pd 2(dba)3, PdCl2, Pd/C], starting with easily accessed allylic halides.
Biosynthesis of 2-Methylbutyl, 2-Methyl-2-butenyl, and 2-Methylbutanoate Esters in Red Delicious and Granny Smith Apples Using Deuterium-Labeled Substrates
Rowan, Daryl D.,Lane, Heather P.,Allen, John M.,Fielder, Simon,Hunt, Martin B.
, p. 3276 - 3285 (2007/10/03)
2-Methylbutanoate esters, especially ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, are key contributors to fruit aroma. The biosynthetic origins and interconversions of 2-methylbutyl and 2-methylbutanoate esters in Red Delicious and Granny Smith apples were determined by feeding deuterium-labeled substrates with GC-MS identification of the deuterated aroma volatiles produced. Deuterium-labeled isoleucine was fed to apple peel, and 2-methylbutanoic-d3 acid, 2-methylbutanol-d3, and ethyl 2-methylbutanoate-d3 were fed as vapor to whole apples. An array of labeled 2-methylbutyl and 2-methylbutanoate esters was produced from each substrate with significant differences in products and product distributions between the two apple cultivars. Novel 2-methyl-(2E)-butenyl esters were identified as biosynthetic products in the aroma of Red Delicious but not Granny Smith apples.
Die Stereochemie der fragmentierenden Enthalogenierung von 1-Chlor-1-fluor-2-(1-halogenalkylcyclopropanen
Spahic, Bojana,Schlosser, Manfred
, p. 1242 - 1256 (2007/10/02)
A number of a model substrates were submitted to zinc-promoted fragmentation, and the composition of the resulting mixture of isomeric fluorodienes was determined.The exocyclic reaction center, bearing the electrofugal leaving group, was found to undergo almost complete stereochemical randomization in the course of the reaction.On the oher hand, the ring-opening proceeds stereoselectively.The rotation, which brings the substituents of the halogen-free ring position into the plane of the new, fluorine-bearing double-bond, occurs mainly in that sense to move the electrons of the breaking ring linkage into the rear of the departing chlorine atom.
