33857-26-0

Usage

Uses

Used in Environmental Testing and Research:
2,7-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is used as a standard in environmental testing and research to monitor and analyze the presence of dioxin-like compounds in various samples, such as soil, water, and air. Its use as a standard allows for accurate quantification and comparison of pollutant levels, helping to assess environmental contamination and implement appropriate remediation measures.
Used in the Study of Enthalpy of Vaporization:
2,7-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is also utilized in the study of the enthalpy of vaporization of resistant organic pollutants. This research is crucial for understanding the behavior of such pollutants in the environment, particularly their volatility and potential for long-range transport. By studying the enthalpy of vaporization, scientists can gain insights into the factors that influence the persistence and mobility of these compounds, ultimately contributing to the development of effective strategies for pollution control and prevention.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data are not available for 2,7-DICHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN. 2,7-DICHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN is probably combustible.

InChI:InChI=1/C12H6Cl2O2/c13-7-1-3-9-11(5-7)16-10-4-2-8(14)6-12(10)15-9/h1-6H

Upstream product

• 1746-01-6 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro-dibenzo[1,4]dioxine 
• 106-48-9 4-chloro-phenol 
• 2138-22-9 4-chloro-1,2-benzenediol 
• 89-61-2 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene 

Downstream Products

• 122418-69-3 2,7-dibromo-3,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 
• 262-12-4 dioxin 
• 39227-54-8 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Formation of chlorinated phenols, dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, benzenes, benzoquinnones and perchloroethylenes from phenols in oxidative and copper (II) chloride-catalyzed thermal process

Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and chlorinated phenols on CuCl2 from unsubstituted phenol and three monochlorophenols was studied in a flow reactor over a temperature range of 100-425 °C. Heated nitrogen gas streams containing 8.0% oxygen were used as carrier gas. The 0.00024 mol of unsubstituted phenol and 0.00039 mol of each monochlorophenol were passed through a 1 g and 1 cm SiO2 particle containing 0.5% (Cu by mass) CuCl2. Chlorination preferentially occurred on ortho-(2, 6) and para-(4) positions. Chlorination increased up to 200 °C, and thereafter decreased as temperature increased. Chlorination of phenols plays an important role in the formation of the more chlorinated PCDD/Fs. Chlorinated benzenes are formed possibly from both chlorination of benzene and chlorodehydroxylation of phenols. Chlorinated phenols with ortho chlorine formed PCDD products, and major PCDD products were produced via loss of one chlorine. For PCDF formation, at least one unchlorinated ortho carbon was required.

Identification of surrogate compounds for the emission of PCDD/F (I-TEQ value) and evaluation of their on-line realtime detectability in flue gases of waste incineration plants by REMPI-TOFMS mass spectrometry

Correlations between products of incomplete combustion (PIC), e.g., chloroaromatic compounds, can be used to characterise the emissions from combustion processes, like municipal or hazardous waste incineration. A possible application of such relationships may be the on-line real-time monitoring of a characteristic surrogate, e.g., with Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (REMPI-TOFMS). In this paper, we report the relationships of homologues and individual congeners of chlorinated benzenes (PCBz), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and phenols (PCPh) to the International Toxicity Equivalent (I-TEQ) of the PCDD/F (I-TEQ value) in the flue gas and stack gas of a 22 MW hazardous waste incinerator (HWI). As the REMPI detection sensitivity is decreasing with the increase of the degree of chlorination, this study focuses on the lower chlorinated species of the compounds mentioned above. Lower chlorinated species, e.g., chlorobenzene (MCBz), 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2,4,6-trichlorodibenzofuran or 2,4-dichlorophenol, were identified as I-TEQ surrogates in the flue gas. In contrast to the higher chlorinated phenols, the lower chlorinated phenols (degree of chlorination 4) were not reliable as surrogates in the stack gas. The identified surrogates are evaluated in terms of their detectability by REMPI-TOFMS laser mass spectrometry. The outcome is that MCBz is the best suited surrogate for (indirect) on-line measuring of the I-TEQ value in the flue gas by REMPI-TOFMS. The correlation coefficient r of the MCBz concentration to the I-TEQ in the flue gas was 0.85.

Mono- to tri-chlorinated dibenzodioxin (CDD) and dibenzofuran (CDF) congeners/homologues as indicators of CDD and CDF emissions from municipal waste and waste/coal combustion

Total homologue concentrations and select congener concentrations from amongst the mono- to tri-chlorinated dibenzodioxins (CDDs) and dibenzofurans (CDFs) are used to model both Total (mono- to octa-) CDD + CDF emissions and the toxicity equivalent (TEQ) of the 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted emissions. Analysis of emission data from two facilities indicates that use of total homologue concentrations shows limited, facility-specific correlations with Total CDDs/CDFs and TEQ. Concentrations of select mono- to tri-CDD/CDF congeners show promising correlation with CDD/CDF TEQ across facilities, suggesting that these compounds can act as TEQ indicators. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

A novel approach to the molecular imprinting of polychlorinated aromatic compounds

The aim of this investigation was to determine whether relatively weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonds to aromatic chlorine atoms and interactions involving aromatic π electrons could be exploited within artificial receptors, constructed using the te

THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-DIOXIN

The pyrolysis of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in an inert atmosphere in a closed system starts at temperatures above 350 deg C and can be described by a first-order equation.The presence of an oxidative or reductive atmosphere raises the rate of decomposition considerably.In an inert medium mainly dichlorination-chlorination processes occur.In the products of pyrolysis in air a considerable number of oxygen-containing compounds were identified.