33891-01-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Nickel-Catalyzed Phosphine Free Direct N-Alkylation of Amides with Alcohols
Das, Jagadish,Banerjee, Debasis
, p. 3378 - 3384 (2018/03/26)
Herein, we developed an operational simple, practical, and selective Ni-catalyzed synthesis of secondary amides. Application of renewable alcohols, earth-abundant and nonprecious nickel catalyst facilitates the transformations, releasing water as byproduct. The catalytic system is tolerant to a variety of functional groups including nitrile, allylic ether, and alkene and could be extended to the synthesis of bis-amide, antiemetic drug Tigan, and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist Itopride. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed the participation of a benzylic C-H bond in the rate-determining step.
Electrochemically Induced Dynamics of a Benzylic Amide [2]Catenane
Ceroni, Paola,Leigh, David A.,Mottier, Loiì?c,Paolucci, Francesco,Roffia, Sergio,Tetard, David,Zerbetto, Francesco
, p. 10171 - 10179 (2007/10/03)
The electrochemistry of a benzylic amide [2]catenane was investigated and compared to that of its topologically trivial components. The redox behavior of both the catenane and the uninterlocked macrocycle can be largely understood in terms of the electrochemistry of smaller molecular fragments and simple molecular orbital considerations that show that the electroactivity of the C=O groups is split into two sets of quasi-degenerate potentials separated by a substantial gap. A fast intermolecular reaction follows the reduction of the macrocycle and smaller fragments, consistent with the corresponding dimers containing a new C-C bond linking two reduced carbonyls. The cyclic voltammetric behavior of the catenane differs significantly from that of the macrocycle-a feature that must therefore be directly attributable to the mechanically interlocked molecular architecture of the catenane. In particular, an intramolecular reaction (irreversible in the CV time scale) occurs in the catenane, which is shown to be a function of temperature and scan rate. Simulation of the cyclic voltammograms shows that the intramolecular reaction occurs on a time scale wider than that of circumrotation of the two rings in the neutral molecule, thus excluding that cyclic voltammetry (CV) is monitoring the latter process. Both the analysis of the electrochemical data and semiempirical quantum chemical (MNDO) calculations would suggest that the electrochemically induced reaction in the catenane is the soldering of the two interlocked macrocycles: the formation of a C-C bond between two reduced carbonyl groups would thus prevent further rotation of the two interlocked rings.
