33987-21-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Chloramphenicol Derivatives with Antibacterial Activity Identified by Functional Metagenomics
Nasrin, Shamima,Ganji, Suresh,Kakirde, Kavita S.,Jacob, Melissa R.,Wang, Mei,Ravu, Ranga Rao,Cobine, Paul A.,Khan, Ikhlas A.,Wu, Cheng-Cang,Mead, David A.,Li, Xing-Cong,Liles, Mark R.
, p. 1321 - 1332 (2018/06/29)
A functional metagenomic approach identified novel and diverse soil-derived DNAs encoding inhibitors to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A metagenomic DNA soil library containing 19 200 recombinant Escherichia coli BAC clones with 100 Kb average insert size was screened for antibiotic activity. Twenty-seven clones inhibited MRSA, seven of which were found by LC-MS to possess modified chloramphenicol (Cm) derivatives, including three new compounds whose structures were established as 1-acetyl-3-propanoylchloramphenicol, 1-acetyl-3-butanoylchloramphenicol, and 3-butanoyl-1-propanoylchloramphenicol. Cm was used as the selectable antibiotic for cloning, suggesting that heterologously expressed enzymes resulted in derivatization of Cm into new chemical entities with biological activity. An esterase was found to be responsible for the enzymatic regeneration of Cm, and the gene trfA responsible for plasmid copy induction was found to be responsible for inducing antibacterial activity in some clones. Six additional acylchloramphenicols were synthesized for structure and antibacterial activity relationship studies, with 1-p-nitrobenzoylchloramphenicol the most active against Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with MICs of 12.5 and 50.0 μg/mL, respectively.
Transesterification synthesis of chloramphenicol esters with the lipase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Dong, Fengying,Li, Lingmeng,Lin, Lin,He, Dannong,Chen, Jingwen,Wei, Wei,Wei, Dongzhi
, (2017/09/25)
This work presents a synthetic route to produce chloramphenicol esters by taking advantage the high enantio- and regio-selectivity of lipases. A series of chloramphenicol esters were synthesized using chloramphenicol, acyl donors of different carbon chain length and lipase LipBA (lipase cloned from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens). Among acyl donors with different carbon chain lengths, vinyl propionate was found to be the best. The influences of different organic solvents, reaction temperature, reaction time, enzyme loading and water content on the synthesis of the chloramphenicol esters were studied. The synthesis of chloramphenicol propionate (0.25 M) with 4.0 g L?1 of LipBA loading gave a conversion of ~98% and a purity of ~99% within 8 h at 50 ?C in 1,4-dioxane as solvent. The optimum mole ratio of vinyl propionate to chloramphenicol was increased to 5:1. This is the first report of B. amyloliquefaciens lipase being used in chloramphenicol ester synthesis and a detailed study of the synthesis of chloramphenicol propionate using this reaction. The high enzyme activity and selectivity make lipase LipBA an attractive catalyst for green chemical synthesis of molecules with complex structures.
Enzymatic regioselective production of chloramphenicol esters
Bizerra, Ayla M.C.,Montenegro, Tasso G.C.,Lemos, Telma L.G.,De Oliveira, Maria C.F.,De Mattos, Marcos C.,Lavandera, Iván,Gotor-Fernández, Vicente,De Gonzalo, Gonzalo,Gotor, Vicente
, p. 2858 - 2862 (2011/05/12)
An enzymatic study has been performed in the search for synthetic routes to produce chloramphenicol derivatives through regioselective processes using lipases. Complementary transesterification and hydrolytic reactions have been carried to synthesize chloramphenicol regioisomers. Reaction parameters, such as biocatalyst, solvent, acyl donor, and temperature have been optimised in order to obtain chloramphenicol esters with high yields through acylation processes. Scale-up of the enzymatic reactions (1 g-scale at 0.25 M) and catalyst recycling (up to 10 cycles) have been successfully achieved. Furthermore, monoacylated derivatives at the more hindered secondary position could also be obtained employing hydrolysis processes.
