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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Selenolate Anion as an Organocatalyst: Reactions and Mechanistic Studies

A new organocatalyst, the selenolate anion [RSe]–, generated from bench-stable and commercially available diphenyl diselenide or from phenyl benzyl selenide (10 mol%) is introduced. Benchmarking is performed in the conversion of benzylic chlorides into trans-stilbenes selectively at room temperature. Mechanistic studies support the intermediacy of the selenolate anion and of 1,2-diphenylethyl phenyl selenide. (Figure presented.).

A new role for sulfenate anions: Organocatalysis

(Chemical Equation Presented) The sulfenate anion is introduced for the first time as a catalyst and was found to facilitate the conversion of benzyl halides to trans-stilbenes. CPME=Cyclopentyl methyl ether.

Tert-butyl phenyl sulfoxide: A traceless sulfenate anion precatalyst

tert-Butyl phenyl sulfoxide is employed as a traceless precatalyst for the generation of sulfenate anions under basic conditions and has been used to catalyze the coupling of benzyl halides to trans-stilbenes. The advantage of this precatalyst over previous precatalysts is that the byproduct generated on catalyst formation is a gas, facilitating product isolation in high purity. Using this second generation catalyst, a variety of trans-stilbenes were generated in 39-98% isolated yield.

A new class of organocatalysts: Sulfenate anions

Sulfenate anions are known to act as highly reactive species in the organic arena. Now they premiere as organocatalysts. Proof of concept is offered by the sulfoxide/sulfenate-catalyzed (1-10 mol%) coupling of benzyl halides in the presence of base to generate trans-stilbenes in good to excellent yields (up to 99%). Mechanistic studies support the intermediacy of sulfenate anions, and the deprotonated sulfoxide was determined to be the resting state of the catalyst. Sulfenates take center stage: Sulfenate anions are known as highly reactive species in the organic arena. Now they premiere as organocatalysts: A sulfoxide/sulfenate (1-10 mol%) promotes the transformation of benzyl halides into trans-stilbenes under basic conditions (up to 99% yield). CPME=cyclopentyl methyl ether.

Sodium sulfinate-mediated trans-stilbene formation from benzylic halides

A convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of various symmetrical and non-symmetrical trans-stilbene derivatives from benzylic halides in the absence of any transition metals is described. Sodium sulfinates played an important role in this transformation. Various functional groups were well tolerated under the optimized reaction conditions. Copyright

Co-operative ortho-effects on the Wittig reaction. Interpretation of stereoselectivity in the reaction of ortho-halo-substituted benzaldehydes and benzylidenetriphenylphosphoranes

The E/Z ratios of the stilbenes 1 formed in the Wittig reaction of ortho-halo substituted benzyltriphenylphosphonium salts 2 and benzaldehydes 3 were determined. It was found that there is a co-operative effect of one ortho-halo group on each of the two reacting partners which increases Z-selectivity, but two such groups on the same reactant gives high E-selectivity. The effects are strong enough to be preparatively significant in certain cases and can be interpreted within the modern framework of the Wittig mechanism established by Vedejs and co-workers.