3552-02-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Convenient preparation of cycloalkenyl boronic acid pinacol esters
Rauniyar, Vivek,Zhai, Huimin,Hall, Dennis G.
, p. 3984 - 3995 (2008)
A practical method for the preparation of cycloalkenyl boronic acid pinacol esters is described. These important synthetic intermediates are typically made using more expensive methods like transition metal-catalyzed borylation of alkenyl halides or trifl
Synthesis of Indanones and Spiroindanones by Diastereoselective Annulation Based on a Hydrogen Autotransfer Strategy
Chen, Yate,Ding, Zhengtian,Wang, Yiming,Liu, Wenfeng,Kong, Wangqing
supporting information, p. 5273 - 5278 (2021/02/03)
An unprecedented nickel-catalyzed domino reductive cyclization of alkynes and o-bromoaryl aldehydes is described. The reaction features broad substrate scope and is tolerant of a variety of functional groups, providing straightforward access to biologically significant indanones and spiroindanone pyrrolidine derivatives in good yields with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies have shown that indanones are formed by the cyclization of o-bromoaryl aldehydes and alkynes to form indenol intermediates, followed by hydrogen autotransfer.
Umpolung Difunctionalization of Carbonyls via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalytic Radical-Carbanion Relay
Wang, Shun,Cheng, Bei-Yi,Sr?en, Matea,K?nig, Burkhard
supporting information, p. 7524 - 7531 (2020/08/05)
The combination of photoredox catalysis with the Wolff-Kishner (WK) reaction allows the difunctionalization of carbonyl groups by a radical-carbanion relay sequence (photo-Wolff-Kishner reaction). Photoredox initiated radical addition to N-sulfonylhydrazones yields α-functionalized carbanions following the WK-type mechanism. With sulfur-centered radicals, the carbanions are further functionalized by reaction with electrophiles including CO2 and aldehydes, whereas CF3 radical addition furnishes a wide range of gem-difluoroalkenes through β-fluoride elimination of the generated α-CF3 carbanions. More than 80 substrate examples demonstrate the broad applicability of this reaction sequence. A series of investigations including radical inhibition, deuterium labeling, fluorescence quenching, cyclic voltammetry, and control experiments support the proposed radical-carbanion relay mechanism.
Regioselective preparation of saturated spirocyclic and ring-expanded fused pyrazoles
Merchant, Rohan R.,Allwood, Daniel M.,Blakemore, David C.,Ley, Steven V.
, p. 8800 - 8811 (2015/01/08)
Saturated bicyclic pyrazoles represent an important class of biologically active molecules, but their preparation can be hampered by labor-intensive synthesis of required starting materials. A convenient one- or two-step procedure for the synthesis of sat
Catalytic enantioselective allylboration of propargylic aldehydes
Bhakta, Urmibhusan,Sullivan, Erin,Hall, Dennis G.
supporting information, p. 678 - 683 (2014/02/14)
Homoallylic propargylic alcohols are important building blocks in natural product synthesis. This moiety can be transformed into various other structures by performing other known transformations, which can in turn lead to the synthesis of biologically us
Enantioselective aziridination of cyclic enals facilitated by the fluorine-iminium ion Gauche effect
Molnar, Istvan Gabor,Tanzer, Eva-Maria,Daniliuc, Constantin,Gilmour, Ryan
supporting information, p. 794 - 800 (2014/01/23)
The enantioselective, organocatalytic aziridination of small, medium and macro-cyclic enals is reported using (S)-2-(fluorodiphenyl methyl)-pyrrolidine. Central to the reaction design is the reversible formation of a β-fluoroiminium ion intermediate, which is pre-organised on account of the fluorine-iminium ion gauche effect. This conformational effect positions the fluorine substituent synclinal-endo to the electropositive nitrogen centre thus benefiting from favourable stereoelectronic and electrostatic interactions (σC-H→σC-F*; F δ-···N+). Consequently, one of the shielding groups on the fluorine-bearing carbon atom is positioned above the π-system, forming the basis of an enantioinduction strategy. Treatment of this intermediate with a "nitrene" source furnished a series of novel, optically active aziridines (e.r. up to 99.5:0.5). Further derivatisation of the product aziridines gives facile access to various amino acid derivatives, including β-fluoroamino acids. Crystallographic analyses of both the aziridines and their derivatives are disclosed. Copyright
Catalytic enantioselective allyl- and crotylboration of aldehydes using chiral diol·SnCl4 complexes. Optimization, substrate scope and mechanistic investigations
Rauniyar, Vivek,Zhai, Huimin,Hall, Dennis G.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 8481 - 8490 (2009/02/02)
We report a novel class of C2-symmetric chiral diols derived from the hydrobenzoin skeleton. The combination of these diols with SnCl 4 under Yamamoto's concept of Lewis acid assisted Bronsted acidity (LBA catalysis) leads to high levels of asymmetric induction in the allylboration of aldehydes by commercially available allylboronic acid pinacol ester 1a. The corresponding homoallylic alcohol products of synthetically useful aliphatic aldehydes are obtained in excellent yields with up to 98:2 er. This combined acid manifold is also efficient in catalyzing the diastereo- and enantioselective crotylboration of aldehydes, thus providing the propionate units in >95:5 dr and up to 98:2 er. The X-ray crystal structure of the optimal diol·SnCl4 complex, Vivol (4m)·SnCl 4, unambiguously shows the Bronsted acidic character of this LBA catalyst and its highly dissymmetrical environment. Further controls have ruled out a possible boron transesterification mechanism with the chiral diol and point to LBA catalyst-derived activation of the pinacol allylic boronates 1. Due to slow dissociation of the diol·SnCl4 complex, a small excess of diol is required in order to suppress a competing racemic cycle catalyzed by free SnCl4.
Reaction of arylsulfonylhydrazones of aldehydes with α-magnesio sulfones. A novel olefin synthesis
Kurek-Tyrlik,Marczak,Michalak,Wicha,Zarecki
, p. 6994 - 7001 (2007/10/03)
Reactions of representative tosylhydrazones of aldehydes and ketones with α-metalated sulfones were examined in order to develop a practical olefination method. Treatment of aldehyde tosylhydrazone 2 with an excess of α-lithiated methyl phenyl or dimethyl sulfones yielded 3a. The reaction of 2 with sterically unhindered lithiated alkyl sulfones gave mixtures of the respective olefination products 3b-d along with the Shapiro fragmentation product 4. Sterically hindered lithiated sulfones afforded Shapiro products exclusively. In contrast, aldehyde tosylhydrazones 2 or 6 in reactions with a variety of α-magnesio primary or secondary alkyl sulfones gave olefination products 3a-j and 7a-c in high yields (Tables 1 and 2). β-Branched alkyl sulfones afforded predominantly (E)-alkenes, whereas unhindered primary sulfones gave mixtures of (E)- and (Z)- alkenes with low selectivity. Reaction of the 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonylhydrazone (trisylhydrazone) of cyclodecanone 11c with α-magnesio methyl phenyl sulfone afforded the methylidene derivative 12a contaminated with the Shapiro product 13. Tosylhydrazone 2 resisted reaction with i-PrMgCl and gave only a small amount of the addition product in reaction with Bu2Mg. Some mechanistic aspects of the reaction of tosylhydrazones with organomagnesium compounds are discussed.
