32400-07-0Relevant articles and documents
Cycloalkylmethyl Radicals. 5. 6- to 15-Membered Rings: EPR Studies of Ring Conformations and Stereodynamics
Ingold, K. U.,Walton, J. C.
, p. 6937 - 6943 (1987)
Cycloalkylmethyl radicals having 7- to 15-membered rings (excluding cyclotetradecylmethyl) have been generated and examined by EPR spectroscopy.All the cycloalkylmethyl radicals from the 9-membered ring upward show two distinguishable conformers, though there may be additional conformers present with cyclodecylmethyl and cyclopentadecylmethyl radicals.All the cycloalkylmethyl radicals from the 10-membered ring upward have one conformer, the quasi-equatorial, QE, with an Hβ hfs in the range 27.7-32.0 G at 140 K and one conformer, the quasi-axial, QA, with an Hβ hfs in the range 38.3-40.4 G at 140 K.The QE and QA conformers have been assigned to species in which the CH2. group occupies "outer-edge" and "corner" sites, respectively, in the preferred conformations of the cycloalkanes.The EPR results indicated that the preferred conformations of the C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, and C15 rings were , , , , , and , respectively.Arrhenius parameters for ring-atom site exchange in the cycloalkylmethyl radicals have been determined from the exchange broadening in the EPR spectra.These EPR barriers are compared with literature data on cycloalkane free energy barriers measured by NMR and enthalpic barriers estimated by force field and related methods.
Dearomative Cyclopropanation of Naphthols via Cyclopropene Ring-Opening
Baker, Rachel J.,Ching, Justin,Franzoni, Ivan,Hou, Teh Ren,Lautens, Mark
supporting information, (2022/01/13)
The dearomatization of 2-naphthols represents a simple method for the construction of complex 3D structures from simple planar starting materials. We describe a cyclopropanation of 2-naphthols that proceeds via cyclopropene ring-opening using rhodium and acid catalysis under mild conditions. The vinyl cyclopropane molecules were formed with high chemoselectivity and scalability, which could be further functionalized at different sites. Both computational and experimental evidence were used to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes by O2with a Non-Heme Manganese Catalyst
Bennett, Elliot L.,Brookfield, Adam,Guan, Renpeng,Huang, Zhiliang,Mcinnes, Eric J. L.,Robertson, Craig M.,Shanmugam, Muralidharan,Xiao, Jianliang
supporting information, p. 10005 - 10013 (2021/07/19)
The oxidative cleavage of C═C double bonds with molecular oxygen to produce carbonyl compounds is an important transformation in chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis. In nature, enzymes containing the first-row transition metals, particularly heme and non-heme iron-dependent enzymes, readily activate O2 and oxidatively cleave C═C bonds with exquisite precision under ambient conditions. The reaction remains challenging for synthetic chemists, however. There are only a small number of known synthetic metal catalysts that allow for the oxidative cleavage of alkenes at an atmospheric pressure of O2, with very few known to catalyze the cleavage of nonactivated alkenes. In this work, we describe a light-driven, Mn-catalyzed protocol for the selective oxidation of alkenes to carbonyls under 1 atm of O2. For the first time, aromatic as well as various nonactivated aliphatic alkenes could be oxidized to afford ketones and aldehydes under clean, mild conditions with a first row, biorelevant metal catalyst. Moreover, the protocol shows a very good functional group tolerance. Mechanistic investigation suggests that Mn-oxo species, including an asymmetric, mixed-valent bis(μ-oxo)-Mn(III,IV) complex, are involved in the oxidation, and the solvent methanol participates in O2 activation that leads to the formation of the oxo species.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclopropanation of Benzofurans, Indoles, and Alkenes via Cyclopropene Ring Opening
Jeyaseelan, Rubaishan,Lautens, Mark,Ross, Rachel J.
supporting information, (2020/06/29)
The generation of metal carbenoids via ring opening of cyclopropenes by transition metals offers a simple entry into highly reactive intermediates. Herein, we describe a diastereoselective intermolecular rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of heterocycles and alkenes using cyclopropenes as carbene precursors with a low loading of a commercially available rhodium catalyst. The reported method is scalable and could be performed with catalyst loadings as low as 0.2 mol %, with no impact to the reaction yield or selectivity.
