359867-74-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Oligonucleotide conjugation to a cell-penetrating (TAT) peptide by Diels-Alder cycloaddition
Steven, Victoria,Graham, Duncan
experimental part, p. 3781 - 3787 (2009/02/05)
Modifed oligonucleotides are routinely employed as analytical probes for use in diagnostics, e.g. in the examination of specific RNA sequences for infectious diseases, however, a major limiting factor in oligonucleotide-based diagnostics is poor cellular uptake of naked oligonucleotides. This problem can be overcome by covalent attachment of a so-called 'cell-penetrating peptide' to form an oligonucleotide peptide conjugate. Stepwise solid phase synthesis of such a conjugate is difficult and expensive due to the conflicting chemistries of oligonucleotides and peptides. A simple approach to overcome this is post-synthetic conjugation. Diels-Alder cycloaddition is an attractive methodology for oligonucleotide peptide conjugation; the reaction is fast, chemoselective and the reaction rate is greatly enhanced in aqueous media - ideal conditions for biological moieties. An oligodeoxyribonucleotide sequence has been derivatised with a series of dienes at the 5′-terminus, using a series of unique dienyl-modified phosphoramidites, and investigation into the effect of diene type on the efficiency of conjugation, using Diels-Alder cycloaddition with a maleimido-derivatised cell-penetrating (TAT) peptide, has been performed. This led to the observation that the optimal diene for conjugation was cyclohexadiene, allowing conjugation of oligodeoxyribonucleotides to a cell-penetrating peptide by Diels-Alder cycloaddition for the first time. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2008.
Diels-Alder bioconjugation of diene-modified oligonucleotides
Hill,Taunton-Rigby,Carter,Kropp,Vagle,Pieken,McGee,Husar,Leuck,Anziano,Sebesta
, p. 5352 - 5358 (2007/10/03)
In an effort to offer complementary technology for covalent biomolecule modification (bioconjugation), we have developed a method that exploits the aqueous acceleration of Diels-Alder reactions for this purpose. Three different diene phosphoramidite reagents have been synthesized that enable diene modification of synthetic oligonucleotides prepared by the phosphoramidite method. Clean and efficient Diels-Alder cycloaddition of these diene oligonucleotides with maleimide dieneophiles was carried out, and the labeled oligonucleotide bioconjugates were characterized by HPLC and electrospray mass spectrometry. Dieneophile stoichiometry, temperature, and pH are all parameters that were shown to influence the efficiency of the process.
Covalent modification and surface immobilization of nucleic acids via the Diels-Alder bioconjugation method
Husar,Anziano,Leuck,Sebesta
, p. 559 - 566 (2007/10/03)
The importance of chemically modified and surface immobilized nucleic acids has inspired the development of a wide variety of complementary techniques for covalent oligonucleotide preparation and immobilization. We are developing technology based on the use of a Diels-Alder reaction for accomplishing the covalent modification of oligonucleotides. Reported herein is preliminary progress toward the establishment of robust reagents for introducing the reactive functionality, as well as studies employing the BIACORE system to demonstrate surface immobilization by the method.
