3728-55-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Efficient hydro-deoxygenation of lignin derived phenolic compounds over bifunctional catalysts with optimized acid/metal interactions
Ju, Chao,Li, Mingrui,Fang, Yunming,Tan, Tianwei
supporting information, p. 4492 - 4499 (2018/10/24)
Efficient hydro-deoxygenation (HDO) of lignin derived phenolic compounds was a challenging task due to the incompatibility of the phenolic feedstock and the current hydro-processing catalysts. In this paper, hydro-deoxygenation of lignin derived phenolic compounds over a series of bifunctional catalysts with different metal/acid interactions was firstly carried out. It was found that the distance between the acidic site and noble metal played an important role in the catalytic performance of phenolic hydro-deoxygenation. A highly stable bifunctional catalyst for hydro-deoxygenation of lignin derived phenolic compounds was obtained through simple selective deposition of Pt on alumina in a commonly used Al2O3-ZSM-5 nanocomposite. The bifunctional catalyst retained its complete deoxygenation capacity for more than 500 h. The catalyst can also be used for the HDO of various phenolic model compounds and real bio-oil derived from lignin. A correction of the generally accepted the closer the better criterion in metal/acid bifunctional catalysts when used in bio-oxygenate HDO was also discussed.
Production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels with acetoin and platform molecules derived from lignocellulose
Zhu, Chenjie,Shen, Tao,Liu, Dong,Wu, Jinglan,Chen, Yong,Wang, Linfeng,Guo, Kai,Ying, Hanjie,Ouyang, Pingkai
supporting information, p. 2165 - 2174 (2016/04/19)
Acetoin, a novel C4 platform molecule derived from new ABE (acetoin-butanol-ethanol) type fermentation via metabolic engineering, was used for the first time as a bio-based building block for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels. A series of diesel or jet fuel range C9-C14 straight, branched, or cyclic alkanes were produced in excellent yields by means of C-C coupling followed by hydrodeoxygenation reactions. Hydroxyalkylation/alkylation of acetoin with 2-methylfuran was investigated over a series of solid acid catalysts. Among the investigated candidates, zirconia supported trifluoromethanesulfonic acid showed the highest activity and stability. In the aldol condensation step, a basic ionic liquid [H3N+-CH2-CH2-OH][CH3COO-] was identified as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the reactions of acetoin with furan based aldehydes. The scope of the process has also been studied by reacting acetoin with other aldehydes, and it was found that abnormal condensation products were formed from the reactions of acetoin with aromatic aldehydes through an aldol condensation-pinacol rearrangement route when amorphous aluminium phosphate was used as a catalyst. And the final hydrodeoxygenation step could be achieved by using a simple and handy Pd/C + H-beta zeolite system, and no or a negligible amount of oxygenates was observed after the reaction. Excellent selectivity was also observed using the present system, and the clean formation of hydrocarbons with a narrow distribution of alkanes occurred in most cases.
Unexpected transformations of alkyldiallylamines in the KOH-DMSO system
Musorin
, p. 1576 - 1577 (2007/10/03)
Triallylamine in the KOH-DMSO system readily isomerizes into tri(1-propenyl)amine. Alkyldiallylamines in the same system give 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane along with alkyldi(1-propenyl)amine. The effect of quantity of base and reaction temperature on product ratio was studied. A route of 1-ethyl-3-methyl-cyclohexane formation was proposed.
Behavior of allylamines in the system KOH-DMSO
Musorin
, p. 915 - 918 (2007/10/03)
Isomerization of triallylamine in the system KOH-DMSO at 90-100°C leads to formation of tris(1-propenyl)amine in quantitative yield. Under similar conditions, diallyl(ethyl)amine is converted into ethylbis(1-propenyl)amine and 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane. Diallylamine in KOH-DMSO gives rise to a complex mixture of products consisting of bis(1-propenyl)amine, methylbis(1-propenyl) amine, 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane, and 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpiperidine. Ways of formation of these products are discussed.
Organolanthanide catalyzed hydrogenation and hydrosilylation of substituted methylenecycloalkanes
Molander, Gary A.,Winterfeld, Joern
, p. 275 - 279 (2007/10/03)
This communication presents a study of the scope of the catalytic hydrogenation and hydrosilylation of chiral exomethylene-substituted cyclopentanes and cyclohexanes utilizing the organolanthanide precatalysts Cp2* LnCH(SiMe3)2 (Cp* = C5Me5; Ln = Sm, Yb). Both reaction types are sterically driven and lead to the cis-diastereomer as the major product. Additionally, the hydrosilylation is regiospecific, the silane being placed exclusively at the terminal position of the double bond.
IONIC ALKYLATION OF TERTIARY ALKYL HALIDES WITH TETRAALKYLSILANES
Bolestova, G. I.,Parnes, Z. N.
, p. 32 - 36 (2007/10/02)
In the reaction of tertiary alkyl halides with tetraethyl-, tetrapropyl-, tetrabutyl-, and tetraamylsilane in the presence of AlX3 the halogen atom is substituted by the alkyl group with the formation of the corresponding saturated hydrocarbons containing a quaternary carbon atom.As a result of the hydride mobility of the β-hydrogen atom in the tetraalkylsilane ionic hydrogenolysis of the substrate occurs in addition to alkylation, and the degree of hydrogenolysis depends on the alkyl substituent in the silane.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF Pt/AlPO4 AND RELATED SYSTEMS. II. GAS PHASE HYDROGENATION OF XYLENES
Aramendia, M. A.,Borau, V.,Jimenez, C.,Marinas, J. M.
, p. 743 - 750 (2007/10/02)
In the present paper data are reported on the gas-phase hydrogenation of o-, m-, and p-xylene and o-, m-, p-ethylmethylbenzene using a pulse reactor.New systems obtained by supporting Pt on AlPO4-Al2O3 (75/25), pure AlPO4 and SiO4-AlPO4 (80/20) have been used as catalysts.The effect of the reduction temperature of the catalysts and the hydrogen pressure on the selectivity to cis- and trans-dimethylcyclohexanes and ethylmethylcyclohexanes has been investigated.The result obtained are interpreted by assuming a Horiuti-Polanyi mechanism, with suprafacial addition of hydrogen.
